Commentary on 1 Chronicles 21:21

Bible Verse: "And David said to Ornan, 'Grant me the place of this threshing floor, that I may build an altar therein unto the LORD: for the plague is stayed, and the LORD appeared unto me in the place of the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.'

Introduction

This verse encapsulates a significant moment in King David's reign when he seeks to build an altar to the Lord at Ornan's threshing floor. The broader context involves David’s census that led to divine displeasure, resulting in a plague upon Israel. David’s subsequent repentance and the desire to atone through sacrifice are central to understanding this passage.

Contextual Analysis

The narrative follows a historical account that highlights the relationship between God and His chosen king, David. This section is a critical juncture in Israel's history as it transitions from a period of divine judgment to one of restoration through sincere worship.

Divine Judgment and Repentance

Matthew Henry emphasizes that the census, ordered by Satan, was a grievous sin against God, revealing David’s lapse in faith. This act of pride reflected a reliance on military strength rather than God’s providence. Henry notes that the consequences set into motion served to remind David of his dependence on divine grace.

David’s Response

Albert Barnes points out that upon witnessing the devastation caused by the angel of the Lord, David’s heart was struck with remorse. In seeking an altar, David is not merely looking for a physical place but is demonstrating a profound desire for reconciliation with God. This reflects a theological principle that genuine worship is rooted in repentance.

The Threshing Floor as a Symbol

David’s request to Ornan for the threshing floor carries significant theological weight. Adam Clarke discusses the symbolism of threshing floors in Scripture, often representing a place of separation, judgment, and ultimately, harvest. In this context, it symbolizes the turning point from judgment to grace—a significant place for Israel’s spiritual revival.

The Role of Ornan

Ornan, a Jebusite, is an important figure in this narrative. His willingness to grant David the threshing floor demonstrates a remarkable humility and openness to God’s plan. Matthew Henry highlights how Ornan's response exemplifies his piety and respect for the God of Israel, viewing this moment as part of a divine purpose bigger than himself.

Implications for Worship and Sacrifice

The request to build an altar signifies a deep understanding of the necessity of sacrifice in the covenant relationship with God. Albert Barnes asserts that the act of building an altar is inherently a recognition of God’s mercy and sovereignty. David's desire to construct a proper place for worship underscores the importance of sacred space and established worship practices in Israelite spirituality.

Personal and Communal Worship

David’s actions reflect the dual nature of worship—both personal and communal. He recognizes that his sin has led to communal suffering and seeks to restore not only his relationship with God but also that of the nation. Adam Clarke contributes that this reflects the communal responsibility in the kingdom of God, where the leader’s sin can have far-reaching consequences for the people.

Theological Reflections

This narrative provides profound theological insights regarding judgment, repentance, and the grace of God. It serves as a reminder to leaders today of the weight of their responsibilities before God and their communities.

Judgment and Mercy

The dual themes of judgment and mercy are central to the Israelite understanding of God’s dealings with His people. Matthew Henry reflects that the plague, though distressing, ultimately leads David closer to God, revealing the transformative power of divine discipline.

The Significance of Sacrifice

The significance of sacrifice as a means of atonement is underscored in this passage. It points toward the ultimate sacrifice in Christ, where the altar symbolizes both judgment and mercy fulfilled. Albert Barnes underlines how David’s request foreshadows the future temple and the culmination of worship in the coming of the Messiah.

Application for Today’s Believers

For pastors, students, theologians, and Bible scholars, this commentary on 1 Chronicles 21:21 offers several applications:

• Recognizing Leadership Responsibility: Leaders must be acutely aware of their influence and the spiritual health of their communities.
• The Role of Repentance: True leadership requires humility and a willingness to turn back to God in times of personal or communal failure.
• Emphasis on Sacred Worship: The significance of setting aside sacred spaces for worship and atonement should be recognized in our contemporary practices.
• Understanding God's Mercy: Reflecting on God's mercy and how it operates in our lives provides a foundation for communal and personal worship.

Conclusion

1 Chronicles 21:21 offers a rich tapestry of themes that resonate with the overarching narrative of Scripture. The call to repentance, the importance of worship, and the interactive relationship between God and His people are timeless truths. As we reflect upon David’s actions and the responses from Ornan, we are called to reassess our own relational dynamics with God and our communal worship practices.