Commentary on 2 Samuel 5:10

Verse Text: "And David went on, and grew great, and the Lord God of hosts was with him." - 2 Samuel 5:10 (KJV)

Introduction

This verse marks a significant moment in David's reign as he consolidates his power in Israel and becomes recognized as a leader favored by God. Drawing from the commentaries of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, we explore the deeper theological and historical implications of this verse.

Contextual Background

Following the tumultuous period after Saul's death, David's ascension to the throne represented not only political unity but also divine approval. The phrase "went on" signifies progression and the active nature of David’s leadership.

Historical Significance

David's unification of Israel showcases a pivotal moment in biblical history where he transitioned from a fugitive to a king. This transition was framed by God's promises and the anointing of David as king over Israel, which established a lineage crucial to biblical prophecy.

Exegesis of Key Phrases

"And David went on"

Henry emphasizes that David's momentum was marked by diligence and perseverance. He did not rest on his laurels but actively sought to fulfill God's will for Israel. This notion inspires believers to pursue spiritual growth and ministry with similar vigor.

"grew great"

Barnes notes that this greatness is not merely a matter of personal ambition but a reflection of David’s character and integrity. His leadership was grounded in humility and reliance on God, which led to his success. The implication here is that true greatness in the sight of God is tied to one’s faithfulness and obedience.

"the Lord God of hosts was with him"

Clarke points out that the phrase "God of hosts" refers to the omnipotence of God in warfare and leadership. This underscores the importance of divine presence in David’s achievements. It suggests that any success enjoyed by leaders will ultimately be attributable to God’s providential support.

Theological Implications

This verse invites theological reflection on the relationship between divine providence and human agency. David’s success illustrates how God’s chosen leaders are empowered to fulfill their destinies when they remain aligned with His will. Furthermore, the emphasis on God’s presence indicates that believers ought to rely on divine strength rather than personal ability.

Divine Favor and Growth

The interplay between divine favor and personal growth is a recurring theme in the Bible. As noted by Henry, this growth is not solely physical or political; it encompasses spiritual maturation and community development. Leaders today are reminded that their influence can be profound when grounded in faith and guided by scriptural principles.

Practical Applications

• Leadership and Integrity: David’s example teaches that integrity and devotion to God are essential for effective leadership.
• Reliance on God: Acknowledging that true success is rooted in God's presence empowers leaders and believers to rely on Him.
• Active Pursuit: Believers are encouraged to actively pursue their God-given callings, not waiting passively for opportunities to arise.
• Faithfulness in Adversity: David's rise occurred despite significant challenges, a testimony that encourages perseverance through trials.

Conclusion

2 Samuel 5:10 serves as a potent reminder of God’s sovereignty in the lives of His chosen leaders. The insights drawn from the commentaries of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke illuminate the multifaceted nature of David's growth as a ruler under God’s guiding hand. The encouragement for contemporary believers is to embody the virtues of unwavering faith and diligence, trusting in the promise that the Lord God of hosts is always with them.