Commentary on Daniel 12:1

Verse: "At that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time: and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book."

Introduction

The verse of Daniel 12:1 is a profound proclamation of hope amid adversity. It is one of the most significant proclamations of eschatological hope in the Old Testament. It depicts a time of unprecedented turmoil followed by divine intervention and deliverance, centered around the archangel Michael and the concept of a 'book' that signifies God's covenant people.

Exegesis

As we delve into this passage, we see three main components: the role of Michael, the description of the unprecedented trouble, and the assurance of deliverance for God’s people.

The Role of Michael

Michael's Significance: Michael is referred to as “the great prince.” In the context of spiritual warfare, he serves as a protector for Israel (Daniel 10:21, Jude 1:9). Matthew Henry emphasizes Michael’s role as a guardian angel, suggesting that his standing up signifies a pivotal moment where divine help is assured to the people of God.

The Time of Trouble

The “time of trouble” mentioned is an apocalyptic period characterized by great distress. Albert Barnes reflects on this as a reference to the tribulations Israel faced in various historical contexts, particularly during the Babylonian captivity and the time of the Maccabees. This period is a foreshadowing of the ultimate tribulation that will occur before the end times, akin to what Jesus references in Matthew 24:21.

Comparison to Historical Contexts

Adam Clarke notes that while the immediate audience might relate this “time of trouble” to their situations, Daniel’s prophecy points to a larger, global context where such suffering becomes general. This suffering is not merely a localized event but a widespread occurrence affecting the entire world.

Deliverance of God’s People

Despite the described turmoil, the passage provides a profound promise of deliverance: “thy people shall be delivered.” This encompasses the faithful remnant whose names are 'written in the book.' Scholars agree that this book symbolizes divine election and covenant loyalty.

The Book of Life

Henry explains that being written in this book signifies belonging to God, and thus eternal security. The assurance of deliverance emphasizes God’s faithfulness to His people, meaning that despite trials, God preserves those who are truly His.

Theological Implications

This verse carries rich theological significance:

• Divine Sovereignty: The passage underlines God's control over history. In a time of trouble, God sets events in motion for His people.
• Angelology: Michael’s intercessory role reflects the broader understanding of angels as servants and protectors of God’s purposes.
• Eschatology: Daniel 12:1 is pivotal for eschatological discussions concerning the resurrection and final judgment, anticipating future events as discussed in Revelation.

Hope Amidst Crisis

The finality of Michael’s action and the deliverance of the people highlights the ultimate hope believers find in God’s promises, especially amid crises. This concept is a balm for those feeling the weight of persecution or suffering.

Practical Applications

The rich truths contained within Daniel 12:1 call the followers of Christ to a steadfast faith:

• Encouragement in Suffering: Believers can find solace in the promise that God protects and delivers His people.
• Awareness of Spiritual Warfare: Acknowledgment of the spiritual realm, where angels like Michael fight on behalf of God's people.
• Assurance of Salvation: The significance of being written in the book invites reflection on personal faith and assurance of eternal life.

Conclusion

In summary, Daniel 12:1 serves as a powerful affirmation of God’s protection, the reality of tribulations, and the ultimate deliverance for His faithful people. It is a passage that resonates deeply with pastors, students, and scholars alike, calling them to explore the depths of God’s sovereign grace and the hope securely anchored in His promises.

References: Commentary insights have been drawn from the works of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke to provide a holistic understanding of this impactful verse.