Commentary on Deuteronomy 27:20

Deuteronomy 27:20 states:

"Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen."

Introduction

This verse is part of a larger passage in Deuteronomy which outlines various curses for disobedience to God's law. The chapter emphasizes the seriousness of sin and the consequences that follow such actions. It particularly addresses issues of sexual immorality, particularly incest, which was a grave offense in ancient Israelite society.

Contextual Analysis

The context of this verse is significant as it is situated within the covenant renewal ceremony wherein the Israelites are reminded of their commitments to God and the standards by which they are to live. The curses serve as a form of deterrent against sinful behavior and highlight the necessity of holiness among God’s people.

Matthew Henry's Perspective

According to Matthew Henry, this verse emphasizes the sin of incest, which he categorically identifies as a severe violation of both divine law and moral conduct. He notes:

• The serious nature of the sin: Henry describes such acts as shameful and dishonorable, not only in the eyes of God but within community standards as well.
• The implications of 'uncovering the father's skirt': This phrase is interpreted as a metaphorical expression concerning the violation of familial boundaries, underscoring the intimacy of this sin.
• Community accountability: Henry also points out that the response of the people—'Amen'—signifies their support for the judgment and the maintenance of social order as ordained by God.

Albert Barnes' Insights

Albert Barnes offers a detailed examination of the cultural and legal circumstances surrounding this command. His commentary includes the following points:

• Historical Context: Barnes suggests that the practice of incest was not only condemned among the Israelites but was also seen as an abomination in surrounding cultures, thereby emphasizing the distinctive moral code of Israel.
• The nature of the curse: He highlights that cursing such actions serves as both a deterrent against the offense and a means of preserving family integrity.
• Legal and societal implications: Barnes elaborates on how these directives served to unite God's people in a common understanding of right and wrong, thereby promoting a righteous community.

Adam Clarke's Interpretation

Adam Clarke, known for his expansive theological knowledge, provides a multifaceted view of Deuteronomy 27:20:

• Cultural Significance: Clarke discusses how familial relationships were sacred in Israelite culture, and violations were likely seen as breaches not just of law but of trust within the family unit.
• Theological Reflection: Clarke reflects on the broader theological implications of this curse, viewing it as a reminder of God's holiness and the necessity for His people to live in a manner consistent with His character.
• Call to Holiness: He insists that this curse serves to call the people to a higher standard of life, illustrating that obedience to God's statutes is crucial for maintaining a right relationship with Him.

Theological Implications

The theological implications of Deuteronomy 27:20 extend beyond the historical context into present-day applications:

• Holiness and Community: The call to live a holy life remains significant for modern believers. The communal aspect of shouting 'Amen' reinforces the understanding that the church is to function as a body that holds its members accountable.
• Family and Relationships: This verse invites reflection on the sacredness of family relationships and the moral obligations that come with them. It challenges believers to safeguard their familial bonds against any form of abuse or exploitation.
• Grace and Redemption: While the consequences of sin are evident, the overarching message of scripture also points towards grace, offering the hope of forgiveness and restoration through Christ for even the most grievous of sins.

Conclusion

Deuteronomy 27:20 serves as a poignant reminder of the dangers of sexual immorality and the repercussions that arise from the breakdown of familial sanctity. The insights drawn from the commentaries of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke narrative a holistic understanding of the text, urging contemporary believers to uphold the standards of holiness that God requires. In reflection, the verse beckons not just a fear of judgment, but a deeper appreciation for God's design for family, relationships, and purity.