Commentary on John 10:35

Verse: "If he called them gods, unto whom the word of God came, and the scripture cannot be broken."

Context and Background

This verse occurs within a significant discourse where Jesus is addressing His critics, particularly those who question His authority and identity as the Son of God. It is essential to understand the broader context of John 10, which speaks about Jesus as the Good Shepherd, contrasting the true shepherd with thieves and robbers.

Interpretation of the Text

In this verse, Jesus quotes from Psalm 82:6, where God refers to certain judges as “gods” because they were representatives of divine authority on earth. The implication here is profound: if unjust judges could be called gods due to their office, then Jesus, who is the true representative of God, certainly holds a superior position as the incarnate Word of God.

Insights from Commentators

• Matthew Henry:

  Henry emphasizes that the designation of "gods" speaks to the responsibility and authority that comes with leadership roles. He notes that Jesus is not merely defending His claim to divinity but is also making the point that God’s Word carries an authority that cannot be disregarded. Therefore, the scripture serves as a firm foundation for understanding divine revelation.

• Albert Barnes:

  Barnes highlights the significance of "the scripture cannot be broken." This phrase suggests the infallibility and permanence of God’s Word. He notes that it is a reassurance to believers that God's declarations and promises endure beyond human judgment and skepticism. Barnes argues that this assertion stands as a powerful counter to the accusations against Jesus, bolstering His authority and legitimacy.

• Adam Clarke:

  Clarke provides a detailed exegesis of the term "gods" within its cultural and historical context. He explains that in the ancient world, judges were often seen as executing God's wrath or justice on Earth, thus calling them gods reflects their duty. Clarke connects this with the nature of Christ, asserting that as the fulfillment of God’s Word, He embodies the ultimate authority and divine essence. His argument reinforces the concept that Christ’s divinity cannot be separated from His fulfillment of scripture.

Theological Implications

This verse brings forward significant theological discussions regarding the authority of scripture and the nature of Christ. The reference to ‘gods’ challenges interpretations of both divine authority and human governance. Jesus utilizes this to illuminate His role, not only as a teacher but as the embodiment of divine truth.

Authority of Scripture

The phrase "the scripture cannot be broken" speaks to a central tenet of biblical hermeneutics. This stands as an affirmation of the reliability and integrity of the text. Wartured and challenged throughout history, this statement solidifies the importance of scripture as an infallible guide for faith and practice. The quotation underscores the enduring significance of biblical teachings in guiding moral and spiritual decision-making.

Christological Assertion

Here, Jesus asserts His identity and authority overtly. This moment invites a deeper understanding of Christ’s dual nature — both fully God and fully man. The relationship between the "Word" and "gods" expands upon the themes of representation and authority in scripture, proposing that Jesus does not merely reflect divine authority; He is the ultimate expression of it.

Application for Believers

This verse compels believers to recognize the weight and authority of scripture in their lives. It invites a reflection on how one's beliefs align with biblical truths and encourages an exploration of the richness of scripture. Here are some practical applications:

• Embrace the Authority of Scripture: Acknowledge the scripture as God’s infallible word, allowing it to shape your beliefs and actions.
• Engage in Deeper Study: Study the scriptures closely, taking seriously their context, meaning, and implications for life.
• Trust in Christ’s Authority: Approach the teachings of Jesus with confidence in His divine authority and understanding that He fulfills all scriptures.
• Model Christ's Leadership: Strive to represent Christ in your spheres of influence, recognizing the responsibility that comes with being a leader among communities.

Conclusion

John 10:35 serves as a crucial reminder of the inextricable link between the authority of scripture and the person of Christ. Whether for pastoral reflection, theological discourse, or personal edification, this verse challenges us to elevate our understanding of divine authority and encourages us to uphold the reliability of God’s Word as central to our faith journey.