Commentary on Judges 1:21

Judges 1:21 states, "But the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who inhabited Jerusalem: and the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem unto this day." This passage reveals significant themes and lessons within the narrative of the Israelite conquest of Canaan, particularly regarding obedience, compromise, and divine judgment.

Contextual Background

The Book of Judges narrates a critical period in Israel's history, following their conquest of Canaan. The context shows a transition from unified leadership under Joshua to a time of tribal disunity and moral decline. This verse highlights the failure of the tribe of Benjamin to fully obey God's command to drive out the Jebusites from Jerusalem, indicating a larger spiritual malaise among the Israelites.

The Significance of Jerusalem

To fully appreciate this verse, it is necessary to understand the significance of Jerusalem:

• Historical Importance: Jerusalem represents the spiritual and political heart of Israel. The city would later become the location of the Temple, the center of Jewish worship.
• Divine Intent: God had commanded the complete removal of the Canaanite nations to prevent the influences of their idolatrous practices from corrupting Israel's faith.

Commentary Insights

Various commentators provide insight into Judges 1:21:

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry emphasizes the failure of the Benjamites to completely obey God's command, highlighting the consequences of such partial obedience. He notes that:

• It is critical never to compromise on God's commands. The Benjamites' decision to allow the Jebusites to remain can be seen as a precursor to the later moral decay in Israel.
• This verse serves as a cautionary tale that partial obedience can lead to significant consequences in the life of faith.

Albert Barnes' Notes

Albert Barnes focuses on the geographical and social implications of this verse. He remarks that:

• The Jebusites continuing to dwell in Jerusalem suggests an ongoing challenge for the Israelites, affecting their social and political stability.
• Barnes also highlights the critical importance of understanding that the compromises made by the Israelites would have long-term ramifications on their identity and relationship with God.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Adam Clarke provides a detailed analysis, noting that:

• The lack of action taken by the Benjamites is indicative of a broader issue; it reflects a society that is not fully committed to God's covenant.
• Clarke warns that the Jebusites' cohabitation with the Israelites symbolizes the danger of allowing worldly influences to coexist with God’s chosen people.

Theological Implications

This verse invites theologians and scholars to reflect on the nature of divine commands and human response:

• Obedience to God: The call to complete obedience is pervasive in Scripture and is exemplified in this narrative. God desires His people to trust and act upon His Word wholly.
• Consequences of Compromise: The historical trajectory of Israel demonstrates the dangers of allowing secular influences to exist alongside divine mandates, highlighting the importance of holiness.
• Historical Context: Understanding the social and political backdrop during the time of Judges provides insight into how these themes of obedience, compromise, and divine authority are as relevant today as they were then.

Conclusion

Judges 1:21 serves as a poignant reminder of the critical nature of complete obedience to God's commands. The consequences of the Israelites' decisions reverberate through history, marking a pivotal moment in their spiritual journey. As pastors, students, theologians, and scholars explore this verse, it prompts reflection on the implications of obedience and the tragedy of compromise, challenging modern believers to examine their own faith and commitment to God's Word.