Nahum 1:2 Commentary

Text of Nahum 1:2: "God is jealous, and the Lord revengeth; the Lord revengeth, and is furious; the Lord will take vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserve his wrath for his enemies."

Introduction

The verse from Nahum expresses the profound characteristic of God’s nature—His jealousy and desire for justice. This commentary combines insights from prominent public domain commentaries by Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, providing a rich exploration of this text for pastors, students, theologians, and Bible scholars.

God's Jealousy

Matthew Henry: Henry emphasizes that the jealousy of God is a divine attribute that reflects His passion for His glory and His people. This jealousy is not akin to human jealousy, which is often rooted in insecurity or greed; instead, it represents God's commitment to holiness and righteousness. The Lord's jealousy indicates His desire to protect His people from idolatry and betrayal.

Albert Barnes: Barnes reinforces the concept of God as jealous in a righteous sense. He argues that this jealousy is akin to a husband desiring fidelity from his wife. When the people of Israel turned to idols, God’s jealousy was kindled because their actions violated the covenant relationship He established with them. Thus, His jealousy speaks to both His affection and His moral integrity.

The Lord's Vengeance

Adam Clarke: Clarke elaborates on the theme of vengeance, noting that God's vengeance is not merely retributive but also serves as a corrective measure. He explains that God's wrath is reserved for those who persistently oppose Him and that vengeance is a demonstration of His holiness rather than a capricious act. Clarke underscores that divine vengeance offers hope to the oppressed, showing that God will ultimately vindicate His people.

Matthew Henry: Henry asserts that the repetition of "the Lord revengeth" emphasizes the certainty and severity of God’s retribution against His enemies. It underscores that this is not an arbitrary act; rather, it's grounded in God's moral law and justice. The emphasis reinforces God’s active role in ensuring that evil does not go unpunished.

The Nature of God's Anger

This verse also speaks to the nature of God’s anger. The terms "furious" and "wrath" are often misunderstood, but they reveal a vital aspect of God’s character.

Albert Barnes: Barnes explains that God's anger is not impulsive but measured. It indicates His righteous indignation against sin and injustice. It serves as a reminder that God is not indifferent to the suffering that evil creates, and His fierce anger is directed towards oppressors and those who lead others astray.

Matthew Henry: Henry further adds that the fury of the Lord can instill fear among His adversaries, ultimately leading them to understand that their rebellion against God will lead to their downfall. God’s fury, like His jealousy, is a call to repentance, meant to turn the hearts of His people back toward Him.

God Reserved Wrath

The phrase "He reserves His wrath for His enemies" raises discussion about the timing and nature of God’s judgment.

Adam Clarke: Clarke emphasizes that God's wrath is not expended hastily; rather, it is reserved for a future time, denoting “great patience” on God’s part. He argues that the delay of judgment is also a space for repentance—a testament to God's mercy mingled with His justice. This highlights God’s desire not just to punish but also to restore.

Matthew Henry: Henry concurs, noting that God’s forbearance serves a purpose. Those who rebel against God should see this delayed judgment as an opportunity to reconcile with Him. It challenges both believers and non-believers to understand that God’s timing is perfect in all matters of justice.

The Implications for Believers

For believers, understanding God’s jealousy, vengeance, and the nature of His wrath has profound implications:

• Recognition of God’s Supremacy: Believers are encouraged to recognize God’s authority and the futility of resistance against His will.
• Call to Faithfulness: This verse serves as a reminder to be faithful in their relationship with God, shunning any form of idolatry or distraction that could lead them astray.
• Hope in Justice: The certainty of God’s vengeance offers hope to those who suffer injustice. They can trust that God will act on their behalf.
• Understanding the Character of God: Believers are called to a deeper understanding of God's character. He is not only loving and merciful but also just and righteous.

Conclusion

The amplification of Nahum 1:2 through the insights of these commentaries provides a multifaceted understanding of God’s character. His jealousy, vengeance, and reserved wrath are not mere sentiments but are integral attributes of a just and holy deity committed to the sanctity of His covenant with His people. Pastors, students, and theologians alike are called to reflect on this verse, recognizing both the severity and grace of God, understanding that His actions are always aligned with His perfect nature.