Commentary on Psalms 136:17

Psalms 136:17: "To him which smote great kings: for his mercy endureth forever:"

Introduction

The 136th Psalm is a remarkable hymn of thanksgiving that recounts the mercies of God. This particular verse, verse 17, speaks of God's power in defeating great kings, emphasizing both His might and enduring mercy. For pastors, theologians, and students, this verse is a powerful reminder of divine sovereignty and mercy in the face of worldly power.

Insights from Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry reflects on the great acts of God, noting that His sovereignty over nations and kings is a recurring theme in Scripture. Here, he draws attention to the fact that God "smote great kings," which can be understood in light of historical battles where God intervened on behalf of His people. Henry suggests that this serves as a reminder that no earthly power is beyond God's control, and it emphasizes the faithfulness of God in fulfilling His promises to Israel.

Moreover, Henry underscores the phrase "for his mercy endureth forever," linking the display of God’s might to His enduring mercy. He posits that the purpose of God's mighty acts is not merely to demonstrate power, but also to show mercy to His people. Each act of deliverance from tyranny serves as a testament to God’s eternal commitment to His covenant people.

Insights from Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes provides an in-depth exegesis of the term "great kings." He identifies specific figures such as Sihon, the king of the Amorites, and Og, the king of Bashan, who were defeated during the Israelite's exodus from Egypt. Barnes emphasizes that these victories were not merely military triumphs; they were manifestations of God’s mercy to Israel.

Barnes further elaborates that the phrase “his mercy endureth forever” should be seen as a refrain throughout the psalm, signifying thanksgiving for both past and future mercies. He encourages students and scholars to reflect on how God’s mercy extends to believers today, reminding them that God actively works against the oppressors in their lives, asserting a similar protective care as exhibited in Israel's past.

Insights from Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke interprets this verse within the larger context of God’s redemptive work. He points out that the encounters with these "great kings" were more than mere historical accounts; they symbolized the struggle between divine justice and worldly arrogance. Clarke suggests that the psalmist’s acknowledgment of these victories serves to reinforce the theme of God’s ultimate authority over all powers.

Clarke emphasizes the importance of the phrase "for his mercy endureth forever," suggesting that it reflects a profound truth about God’s unchanging nature. He notes that while the temporal powers may rise and fall, God’s mercy is a constant assurance for believers. This assurance provides hope amidst life's challenges, reinforcing the idea that God’s purpose transcends human endeavors.

Theological Reflections

This verse invites deeper theological reflection about God's sovereignty and mercy. The historical context of God striking down great kings serves as a significant reminder of His power. The theological implication is two-fold: firstly, it illustrates God’s active role in history, and secondly, it invites believers to contemplate the enduring nature of divine mercy.

In a contemporary setting, this scripture encourages practitioners to trust in God’s sovereignty over modern “kings” or powers that oppose the gospel. It calls to mind the spiritual warfare believers face today, affirming that God's mercy is their defense and sustenance, regardless of circumstances.

Pastoral Applications

• Encouragement for the Oppressed: Pastors can use this verse to provide encouragement to those who feel overwhelmed by external pressures, reminding them of God’s active involvement in delivering His people from oppression.
• Affirmation of God’s Faithfulness: The enduring mercy of God serves as a basis for faith in pastoral counseling situations, reinforcing the idea that God’s promises are unbroken and eternally relevant.
• Calls for Thanksgiving: Church leaders can incorporate reflections on God’s past mercies in their services, promoting a culture of gratitude that encourages congregants to recount what God has done.

Conclusion

Psalms 136:17 encapsulates a profound truth about God's intervention in history and His unwavering mercy. Incorporating insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, we gain a richer understanding of this scripture as a call to recognize God’s sovereign reign and His enduring mercy. As believers reflect on the great works of God, they are invited to respond in worship, gratitude, and a renewed commitment to trust in His everlasting kindness.