Psalms 51:5 - A Commentary Summary

"Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me." (Psalm 51:5)

Introduction to Psalms 51

Psalm 51 is one of the most significant penitential psalms, attributed to King David after his sin with Bathsheba. This psalm is characterized by deep introspection, sincere repentance, and an appeal for divine mercy and cleansing. In verse 5, David articulates the foundational theological understanding of humanity's sinful nature, a theme echoed throughout Scripture.

Exegesis of Psalm 51:5

This verse conveys two major insights regarding sin: its inherent nature and its origin. By acknowledging his conception in sin, David reveals the universal condition of humanity—this understanding is pivotal for theologians and pastors alike.

Understanding Sin's Origin

• Shapen in Iniquity:

  Matthew Henry emphasizes that the term "shapen" reflects not just a mere acknowledgment of sinfulness but highlights the process of being molded by it. David recognizes that from birth, he is implicated in sin, suggesting that it is not merely actions but a condition of being that characterizes humanity.

• In Sin did My Mother Conceive Me:

  Adam Clarke provides an expansive interpretation, stating that this phrase reveals the nature of humanity's fallen state. He asserts that the nature of sin is passed along from generation to generation and that every individual is born with a propensity toward sin.

Theological Implications

This admission by David serves a dual purpose: first, it reflects personal guilt, and second, it corroborates the doctrine of original sin. Albert Barnes notes that acknowledging this condition is essential for true repentance and receiving God's grace. It illustrates that sin goes beyond individual actions; it is ingrained in human existence.

Contextual Analysis

Understanding Psalm 51 within its historical context is essential. David's confession is prompted by his moral and spiritual failures. His recognition that he was born into sin serves as a precursor to his pleas for thorough cleansing and renewal of spirit. This context enhances our understanding of sin and redemption, making verse 5 a focal point of theological reflection.

Applications for Pastors and Theologians

Verse 5 offers profound implications for spiritual teaching and pastoral care. Here are several applications derived from this scripture:

• Awareness of Human Condition:

  Pastors should emphasize the importance of understanding humanity's inherent sinful nature when preaching the gospel. This acknowledgment sets the stage for the necessity of Christ's atonement.

• Encouraging Penitence:

  The holistic view of sin presented in this verse can encourage congregations to adopt a humble approach toward sinfulness. They can recognize that true repentance involves acknowledging not just actions but the sinful nature from which they arise.

• Building a Theological Basis for Redemption:

  Theology students and scholars should explore how Psalm 51:5 intertwines with doctrines such as original sin and total depravity. This verse is crucial for constructing doctrines of redemption, grace, and transformation through Christ.

Conclusion

Psalm 51:5 stands as a profound testimony to the human condition and the necessity for divine grace. David's lamentation not only expresses personal brokenness but serves as a mirror reflecting humanity's collective state. For pastors, theologians, and students, this verse invites deeper contemplation and engagement with the themes of sin, grace, and redemption.