Verse Translation

“And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders.” - 1 Samuel 17:6 (KJV)

Matthew Henry’s Commentary

Matthew Henry provides a detailed examination of Goliath's armor, emphasizing its significance in representing the strength and might of the Philistines. He notes:

• The brass greaves signify Goliath's protection and preparation for battle, illustrating how vastly he appears powerful.
• The target of brass symbolizes defensive capability and a fierce front against his enemies, establishing the demeanor of the Philistine giant.
• This description serves as a contrast to David, who, despite being unarmed in conventional terms, is equipped with faith and divine backing.

Henry further implies that the overwhelming appearance of Goliath is intended to instill fear and doubt among the Israelites, reflecting the adversities believers face.

Albert Barnes’ Commentary

Albert Barnes interprets the verse through the lens of Goliath's combat readiness and psychological warfare. He asserts:

• The use of brass is significant; it denotes a level of impenetrability and superiority in ancient warfare, suggesting Goliath's confidence in his military prowess.
• The battle armor was not just functional but also intended to project fear upon the Israelite soldiers, a standard tactic in warfare.

Barnes emphasizes that the description serves not only to detail Goliath's physical might but also to prepare the audience for the miraculous nature of David's victory, highlighting that it is not by might or power that battles are won, but by faith.

Adam Clarke’s Commentary

Adam Clarke presents a thorough analysis of the materials and construction of Goliath's armor. He mentions:

• The greaves were made of bronze, a material characterized by its durability and weight, denoting Goliath's reliance on physical might over spiritual.
• The aspect of the target of brass is notable as it surrounds the very vulnerable area of his neck, yet Clarke indicates that despite this impressive armor, Goliath's true vulnerability lies in his reliance on human strength rather than divine aid.

Clarke poignantly illustrates that while Goliath appeared invincible, his outward strength masked a deeper spiritual weakness, allowing for God’s intervention to shine through through David’s faith.

Theological Implications

The description of Goliath's armor in 1 Samuel 17:6 serves critical theological implications for readers:

• Physical vs. Spiritual Strength: The armor is a metaphor for the superficial strength of opposition we face in life. True strength lies in reliance on God.
• God’s Sovereignty: The verse sets the stage for God’s sovereign power showing that earthly might shall not prevail against divine will.
• Courage in Facing Giants: The contrast between David and Goliath emphasizes that courage and faith can overcome seemingly insurmountable challenges.

This narrative calls pastors, theologians, and scholars to reflect on their battles against spiritual adversaries and the importance of trusting in divine support over worldly strength.

Conclusion

In conclusion, 1 Samuel 17:6 serves not only as a historical account of a monumental battle but also as a powerful illustration of the lessons of faith, dependence on God, and the triumph of the weak over the strong through divine support. The combined insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke offer readers a comprehensive understanding that applies to both personal challenges and congregational teaching.