Commentary on Acts 10:40

Acts 10:40 reads: "Him God raised up the third day, and shewed him openly;" This verse is pivotal in the context of Peter’s speech to the household of Cornelius, marking a significant moment in the early church's understanding of the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Context and Significance

This verse emphasizes the resurrection of Christ, foundational to Christian faith. Matthew Henry notes that the resurrection is the cornerstone of the gospel. Without it, the faith of believers would be in vain (1 Corinthians 15:14). The Acts of the Apostles details the early church's spread and the apostolic preaching centered around the resurrection, which is crucial for understanding the early Christian message.

The Resurrection Affirmed

The statement “Him God raised up” reflects the divine action in the resurrection. Albert Barnes emphasizes that this act was not only miraculous but a testament to God's authority and power over death. It confirms Jesus as the promised Messiah, fulfilling the prophetic Scriptures (Psalms 16:10). Understanding the resurrection as an act of God, not merely a miraculous event, enriches the theological implications of this verse.

Theological Implications

• The Authority of God: The raising of Jesus from the dead signifies God's ultimate sovereignty over life and death, showcasing His power in fulfilling His redemptive plan.
• Validity of the Gospel: The resurrection serves as a confirmation of Jesus’ teachings and claims. Adam Clarke emphasizes that this event substantiates the entire narrative of redemption presented in the New Testament.
• Hope for Believers: For Christians, the resurrection signifies both Christ’s victory over sin and the promise of eternal life. It assures believers of their future resurrection (Romans 6:5).

Witness to the Resurrection

Peter’s statement reflects not only the fact of the resurrection but also the necessity of witnesses. He notes that Jesus was "shewed him openly." This indicates that the resurrection was not a private occurrence but a public affirmation of Christ’s victory. Matthew Henry discusses how many witnesses were present, which serves to bolster the credibility of the resurrection claim. The open display of the resurrected Christ was vital in the establishment of the early church.

The Role of Witnesses

• Proclamation of the Gospel: The eyewitnesses of the resurrection became the primary proclaimers of the gospel message. Their testimonies were foundational for early evangelistic efforts.
• Confidence in the Faith: The reality of witnessed resurrection provided early Christians with boldness in their faith. Barnes points out that the credibility of the resurrection empowered the apostles in their ministry, inspiring confidence among believers.
• Implications for Church Growth: The public nature of the resurrection and the direct witnesses spurred rapid growth in the early church as many were drawn to the hope proclaimed through the risen Christ.

Conclusion

Acts 10:40 encompasses key theological principles surrounding the resurrection of Jesus Christ. The assertions found in this verse highlight the significance of divine action in resurrection, affirming the gospel's veracity and establishing Christian hope. For pastors, theologians, and students of the Bible, understanding this verse is essential in preaching the core message of Christianity—Jesus Christ, raised from the dead, is the cornerstone of our faith and the promise of eternal life for believers.