Commentary on Acts 5:38

Verse: "And now I say unto you, Refrain from these men, and let them alone: for if this counsel or this work be of men, it will come to nought:" (Acts 5:38, KJV)

Introduction

This passage occurs in the context of the early church's growth amidst increasing opposition from religious leaders. The Sanhedrin had recently imprisoned the apostles for preaching about Jesus, but they were miraculously freed by an angel. Upon their return to preaching, the council seeks to silence them, leading to a discussion by Gamaliel, a respected Pharisee.

Contextual Background

Acts 5:38 features a pivotal moment in early Christian history where the tension between the apostles and the Jewish religious authorities comes to a head. The persistent growth of the church and the miraculous works attributed to the apostles provoke serious concern among the leaders of the temple.

Gamaliel's Wisdom

Gamaliel’s speech serves as a critical turning point. Though a Pharisee, he demonstrates a more measured approach compared to his contemporaries.

• Respectful Authority: He appeals to the council’s sense of justice and caution, urging a non-violent approach to what they perceive as a threat.
• Historical Precedents: Gamaliel references two historical movements led by Theudas and Judas of Galilee, underscoring a pattern of failed rebellions that had recently occurred, advising that if the new movement is from God, it cannot be overthrown.

Theological Insights

Acts 5:38 succinctly articulates a significant theological principle regarding divine intervention in human affairs.

• Human vs. Divine Initiatives: Gamaliel’s proclamation hints at the dichotomy between endeavors initiated by human ambition and those divinely orchestrated. The implication is that divine initiatives will always prevail.
• God’s Sovereignty: The text underlines God’s sovereignty in working out salvation and establishing His Church, presenting a reassuring perspective to believers that opposition will ultimately fail if God’s will is in motion.

Commentary Contributions

Various scholars have contributed valuable insights into the verse, providing layers of understanding.

Matthew Henry

Henry reflects on Gamaliel’s caution, expressing that wisdom often manifests in patience while cautioning against rash decisions. He emphasizes how true works of God endure, and if the apostles' actions stem from divine endorsement, nothing would be able to impede them.

Albert Barnes

Barnes elaborates on the implications of “of men,” suggesting that all human enterprises are ephemeral unless empowered by God. He encourages believers to discern between human and divine efforts, urging that believers should support the unshakeable work of the Lord.

Adam Clarke

Clarke provides a historical lens, exploring how Gamaliel’s wisdom echoes through history as part of God’s providence. He points out that the council's reaction was pivotal, leading to the realization among some leaders that they were opposing what God intended for His people.

Application for Pastors and Theologians

This verse offers several applications for contemporary believers, particularly pastors and theologians:

• Encouragement in Ministry: The awareness of God’s control over church endeavors should imbue ministers with confidence and perseverance despite opposition.
• Discerning the Voices: There is a vital need to evaluate acts within the church and determine if they stem from human ambition or divine calling.
• Embracing Wisdom: Like Gamaliel, church leaders are urged to embody wise counsel and prudence in matters of ecclesiastical governance.

Conclusion

Acts 5:38 serves as a profound reminder of the importance of discernment, wisdom, and reliance on God in the life of the church. Gamaliel’s perspective encourages believers to allow God’s overarching plan to unfold, refraining from hasty judgments while recognizing that true divine initiatives cannot ultimately fail.