Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry notes that this passage is set against the backdrop of Judah’s continuing descent into moral ambiguity. He emphasizes that the coming together of Judah and Tamar is a significant instance of improper alliances that lead to dire consequences. He reflects on the moral lessons of this account, highlighting the importance of personal integrity and the dangers of forgetting one's duties, especially within the family. In particular, Henry observes:

• Judah's Responsibility: Judah's failure to provide for Tamar in accordance with Levirate laws showcases a lack of accountability. His actions lead Tamar to take drastic measures to secure her future, which ultimately reaffirms God's sovereignty even amidst human failure.
• God's Sovereignty: God uses this situation to direct the lineage of Christ, showing that missteps and moral failings do not hinder His plans.

Albert Barnes' Notes

Albert Barnes provides a detailed analysis of the cultural and legal implications of the verse. He emphasizes the precarious position of Tamar, who, lacking a voice in a patriarchal society, resorts to unorthodox methods to assert her rights. Barnes makes several noteworthy observations:

• Levirate Marriage: The situation necessitates understanding the Levirate laws, which required a brother-in-law to marry the widow to produce offspring in the name of the deceased. Judah's refusal here reflects a significant breach of social duty.
• Consequence of Injustice: Tamar's actions can be seen as a desperate attempt to correct injustice, leading readers to ponder the moral complexities of her choices and Judah's eventual recognition of his wrong.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Adam Clarke offers insights into the narrative's theological dimensions, suggesting that this incident serves as a pivotal moment in the unfolding plan of God. Clarke discusses the following themes:

• Redemptive History: Clarke underscores that Tamar’s actions form part of the genealogy of Christ, illustrating that God's redemptive plan can emerge from tangled and morally ambiguous situations.
• Human Falleness: He illustrates the extent of human falleness, whereby even those chosen by God can fall into grievous sin. Yet, God's grace extends to those who act in faith, as seen through Tamar's eventual vindication.