Commentary on Leviticus 20:19
Leviticus 20:19 states:
"And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovereth his near kin; they shall bear their iniquity."
This verse is part of a larger passage where God gives instructions to Israel regarding sexual relations and the holiness required of His people. The prohibitions against incestuous relationships appear in Leviticus as part of God's design for moral conduct in the community of believers.
1. Contextual Understanding
The book of Leviticus is predominantly concerned with the laws concerning worship, holiness, and the conduct of the Israelites as God's chosen people. The laws outlined were not arbitrary; they served to distinguish Israel from pagan nations and promote a lifestyle that reflected the holiness of God.
2. Prohibitions Against Incest
Leviticus 20:19 falls under a broader section (Leviticus 18-20) dealing with sexual morality. Here, God delineates clear boundaries for family relationships:
- Inclusion of Close Relatives: The text prohibits sexual relations even with extended family members, reflecting a profound respect for familial bonds.
- Moral Responsibility: The verse implies that the violation of these boundaries is seen not just as socially unacceptable but as a profound moral failure requiring accountability – "they shall bear their iniquity."
3. Exegesis from Notable Commentaries
Matthew Henry's Commentary
Matthew Henry highlights the significance of maintaining boundaries within familial relationships. He notes the moral implications of these regulations and indicates that such boundaries are consistent with the identity and holiness of God's people.
Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Barnes emphasizes that the prohibitions serve not only to protect family honor but also to preserve moral integrity within the community. He comments on the spiritual dimensions of these laws, distinguishing them from the commands given to pagan nations, attributing to them a high ethical standard set by God for Israel.
Adam Clarke's Commentary
Clarke goes further into practical applications of the text. He discusses how understanding these verses in their cultural context helps to unpack the divine rationale behind the prohibition. Clarke asserts that such laws were instrumental in keeping the congregation united and focused on their unique covenant relationship with God.
4. Theological Implications
The theological implications of Leviticus 20:19 extend beyond cultural and societal norms. They encapsulate:
- Divine Holiness: The restrictions underscore God’s demand for holiness; His people are to reflect His character in all aspects of life.
- Covenantal Community: This commitment to uphold these standards fosters a sense of community responsibility, aligning individuals with collective holiness.
- Consequences of Sin: The verse speaks to the reality of sin within relationships, acknowledging that failure to adhere to God's commandments results in spiritual and community-based consequences.
5. Application for Today
While contemporary society may not apply these laws directly, the principles of maintaining integrity, respect for familial relationships, and understanding the implications of one’s actions within a community remain highly relevant. Pastors and theologians are encouraged to consider the following applications:
- Education on Moral Integrity: Teaching congregational members the importance of maintaining healthy boundaries in relationships.
- Community Accountability: Fostering environments where members hold one another accountable to biblical standards.
- Reflection on God’s Holiness: Encouraging personal and communal reflection on how one’s life reflects God’s character.
Conclusion
In summary, Leviticus 20:19 serves as a critical reminder of God’s intent for holiness among His people. The insights gleaned from the commentaries of respected theologians underscore the importance of adhering to divine standards as a means of living out a faithful and fruitful life in accordance with God's will.
