Commentary on Nehemiah 1:5

Text of Nehemiah 1:5 (KJV): "And I said, I beseech thee, O Lord God of heaven, the great and terrible God, that keepeth covenant and mercy for them that love him and observe his commandments."

Introduction

This verse serves as a pivotal moment within the context of Nehemiah’s call to action concerning the plight of his people in Jerusalem. It encapsulates Nehemiah's heartfelt petition before God, reflecting both reverence and an urgent supplication. The commentary seeks to delve into its theological nuances and implications for our understanding of prayer, divine mercy, and covenant fidelity.

Matthew Henry's Insights

Divine Attributes: Matthew Henry emphasizes the rich attributes of God as presented in Nehemiah's prayer. Referring to God as "the great and terrible God", Nehemiah acknowledges God’s greatness and sovereignty. This is a reflection of the majesty and holiness of God, suitable for genuine reverence in prayer.

Covenant and Mercy: Furthermore, Henry highlights the importance of God's covenant—a consistent theme throughout Scripture. Nehemiah’s reference to God keeping mercy for those who love Him indicates the steadfast nature of God’s love and faithfulness. It reminds believers of the importance of our covenant relationship with God and our response to His commandments.

• Prayerful Dependency: Nehemiah’s address shows a profound dependency on God. His approach is not one of presumption but of humble request.
• God’s Greatness: The term "great and terrible" serves as a reminder that while God is approachable, He is also a God of justice and righteousness.

Albert Barnes' Perspective

Contextual Understanding: Albert Barnes provides a contextual background that enriches comprehension of this verse. He notes that Nehemiah was deeply affected by the news from Jerusalem. His prayer reflects both personal grief and collective concern.

The Role of Confession: Barnes highlights that Nehemiah's prayer is not just a request. It begins with an acknowledgment of God’s nature, leading into a deeper understanding of confession as it sets the tone for petition.

• Recognition of Sin: Nehemiah’s subsequent prayers would include acknowledgment of sin—not only personal but communal. This aspect of his prayer serves as a model for intercession.
• Requesting Favor: Barnes notes the importance of Nehemiah asking for mercy. It is a recognition that, without God’s intervention, restoration is impossible.

Adam Clarke's Exegesis

Exegesis of the Term 'Beseech': According to Adam Clarke, the term 'beseech' indicates an earnestness in Nehemiah’s prayer. It signifies a deep persuasion and fervency that calls for divine attention.

Theological Implications: Clarke argues that this brief verse opens up various theological discussions, particularly concerning the balance between God’s sovereignty and humanity’s responsibility.

• Divine Sovereignty: Within the context of God’s sovereignty, Nehemiah’s understanding of God's nature fosters trust in God's ability to act on behalf of His people.
• Human Responsibility: Clarke points out that Nehemiah implies the necessity for compliance with God's commandments as a prerequisite for receiving His mercy.

The Significance of Prayer in Nehemiah's Call

Nehemiah's approach to God in prayer emphasizes the foundational role that prayer plays in the life of God’s people. It reflects a posture of humility and dependence, serving as a model for congregational leadership and personal devotion. The insights from these commentaries affirm that:

• Prayer is Essential: Just as Nehemiah sought God earnestly, pastors and leaders today are called to seek divine guidance in their ministries.
• Reverence in Approach: Acknowledging God's holiness is critical in our approach to Him, indicating our recognition of His position and our need for His mercy.

Conclusion

Nehemiah 1:5 serves as a resounding call to prayer rooted in the acknowledgement of God’s covenant and mercy. This verse, with its implications regarding the nature of God and the necessity of prayer, remains highly relevant for pastors, students, theologians, and Bible scholars today. Through the insights of Henry, Barnes, and Clarke, we are reminded that prayer must be at the heart of our response to the challenges we face, both individually and communally.