Commentary on Numbers 31:38

"And the bullocks were thirty and six; of which the Lord's tribute was a half." - Numbers 31:38

Introduction

This verse is situated within the narrative of the vengeance against the Midianites, a pivotal moment in Israel’s history that illustrates divine justice and obedience to God’s commands. It is essential to contextualize this scripture within the broader themes of holiness, judgment, and the delineation of God’s people from surrounding nations.

Contextual Background

The events leading to this verse involve divine instructions given to Moses concerning the Midianites, who had caused Israel to stumble into idolatry and immorality (Numbers 25). As a consequence of their actions, God commanded Moses to take vengeance upon the Midianites. This led to a military campaign that resulted in the defeat of the Midianites and significant spoils of war being collected, which included livestock, that are meticulously tallied in the ensuing verses.

Theological Insights

• Divine Command and Obedience: The collecting and tallying of the spoils reflect the Israelites' adherence to divine instruction. According to Matthew Henry, this highlights the importance of obedience in the life of faith, showing that all victories belong to God, and thus, the spoils are also His by right.
• The Significance of the Tribute: The “Lord’s tribute” underscores the theological idea that all bounty is to be dedicated to God. Albert Barnes remarks that this act of giving a portion back to God signifies recognition that what one possesses originates from divine benevolence.
• Holiness and Separation: The account serves to demonstrate how Israel must remain separate from idolatrous practices surrounding them, thereby embodying holiness. Adam Clarke notes that this process of tribute is part of maintaining a covenant relationship with God amidst a morally precarious environment.

Dissecting the Numbers

The number of bullocks, thirty-six, provides a numerical representation that can invite deeper examination of biblical numerology. In scripture, numbers often carry symbolic weight:

• Three: Represents divine completeness and providence, denoting God’s involvement in their victory.
• Six: Often symbolizes man’s imperfection, suggesting a need for divine intervention, which aligns with the tumultuous history of Israel.

This numeric combination may suggest an intricate interplay between divine sovereignty and human fallibility.

Applications for Today

• Faithfulness in Stewardship: Pastors and believers are called to recognize that all they possess is a result of God’s grace; therefore, dedicating a portion back to God is a fundamental responsibility.
• Reality of Divine Judgment: The passage serves as a reminder of God's holiness and justice. The modern application can relate once again to the seriousness with which we regard sin and idolatry within our culture.
• Community and Accountability: Just as the Israelites were accountable for what they gained, contemporary believers are reminded of their mutual responsibility towards one another in accountability, generosity, and mutual support.

Conclusion

Numbers 31:38 prompts readers to reflect on the themes of divine sacrifice, responsibility, and continued faithfulness. It encapsulates a moment when Israel is reminded that their victories and possessions are ultimately for the service of God. To engage with this scripture fully, one must consider both the historical context and the timeless principles it unveils for modern faith living.

References

• Matthew Henry
• Albert Barnes
• Adam Clarke