Commentary on Revelation 11:2
Text of Revelation 11:2 (KJV): "But the court which is without the temple leave out, and measure it not; for it is given unto the Gentiles: and the holy city shall they tread under foot forty and two months."
Introduction
Revelation 11:2 presents profound themes related to God's judgment, the role of nations in relation to Israel, and the eschatological state of the world during the time leading up to Christ's second coming. Scholars and theologians emphasize the importance of contextualizing this verse within the broader narrative of Revelation and biblical prophecy.
Contextual Background
The Book of Revelation is often viewed through the lens of apocalyptic literature—a genre rich in symbolism and imagery. In the verses leading up to Revelation 11:2, we see a detailed description of the measuring of the temple and the identification of the two witnesses, which introduces significant prophetic implications.
Commentary Insights
1. Measuring the Temple
Matthew Henry notes that measuring signifies God's ownership and protection, suggesting that the inner sanctuary represents the true worship of God safeguarded from external profanation. The temple is symbolic of the spiritual condition of God's people during times of trial.
2. The Exclusion of the Outer Court
Albert Barnes elaborates that the outer court, or the court of the Gentiles, symbolically represents the nations that remain outside God's covenant. By instructing not to measure this area, it indicates a divine withdrawal of protection, hinting at a prophetic time when judgment falls upon the Gentile nations.
3. Time Frame of Judgment
Forty-two months is a significant prophetic period, often interpreted as three and a half years. Adam Clarke points out that this time frame, echoed in other prophetic texts (such as Daniel 7:25), indicates a period of persecution and suffering, specifically targeting the city of God and His people.
Theological Themes
Revelation 11:2 raises several theological themes vital for understanding God's plan through history:
- The Sovereignty of God: God retains authority over His temple and His people, demonstrating control over the unfolding of history.
- Judgment and Accountability: The exclusion of the outer court and the Gentiles treading the holy city underfoot illustrates the consequences of sin and the accountability of nations before God.
- Hope Amidst Persecution: While the text speaks of oppression, it also hints at divine deliverance and vindication in the eschaton, offering hope to believers facing trials.
Application for Today
As pastors, students, and theologians reflect on Revelation 11:2, several applications emerge:
- Understanding God’s Justice: Believers are encouraged to remember that God’s judgments are purposeful; they bring about justice and fulfill His promises.
- Importance of Spiritual Discernment: The distinction between the measured inner court and the unmeasured outer court urges the church to seek spiritual authenticity amidst a distracted world.
- Preparedness for Trials: The reference to a determined period of suffering serves as a reminder for the faithful to prepare spiritually for challenges and remain steadfast in faith.
Conclusion
Revelation 11:2 invites deep reflection on the nature of God's temple, the character of divine judgment, and the reality of enduring spiritual warfare. By drawing upon the insights of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, we find a rich tapestry of meaning that connects the historical, spiritual, and prophetic elements inherent in this verse. It is a call for believers to remain vigilant, grounded in faith, and hopeful for God's ultimate redemption.
