Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:4

Verse: "And he said unto him, Why art thou, being the king's son, lean from day to day? wilt thou not tell me?" And Amnon said unto him, I love Tamar, my brother Absalom’s sister.

Introduction

The narrative of Amnon and Tamar introduces a complex interplay of love, lust, deceit, and familial betrayal. It provides profound insights into the nature of sin and its devastating effects. Commentaries from various public domain sources shed light on the underlying themes of this verse.

Exegesis of the Verse

• Contextual Setting: This account takes place in the royal family of Israel under King David. Intrigues unfold within the family that leads to tragic consequences and widely affects the kingdom.
• Character Analysis: Amnon, the central figure, is portrayed as a conflicted character. His attraction to Tamar is described as intense—showing a fascination that reveals more about his selfish desires than genuine affection.
• Phrase Breakdown: The question posed to Amnon highlights his physical appearance and mental state. His "leaning" suggests distress, caused by unfulfilled desire, indicating the destructive nature of unbridled passion.

Historical Context

The events surrounding Amnon's infatuation with Tamar are set against the backdrop of the Israelite royal family. This context is crucial for understanding the severity and implications of Amnon's actions. Biblical scholars such as Albert Barnes emphasize the cultural practices regarding marriage, family loyalty, and the consequences of breaking these societal traditions.

Thematic Considerations

• The Psychology of Desire: Amnon's confession of love toward Tamar is not just romantic; it is predatory. Matthew Henry remarks on the twisted nature of Amnon’s love, suggesting that it is more about possession than genuine affection.
• Desire's Consequences: The passage foreshadows tragic outcomes stemming from lust. Sin is depicted as a consuming fire—burning brightly and eventually leading to chaos and destruction.

Moral Lessons

• The Danger of Unchecked Desire: The psychological grip of lust is explored in depth. Leaders and individuals must be vigilant against desires that lead to moral compromise. The narrative serves as a warning for all—from kings to commoners.
• The Necessity of Accountability: In the interaction between Amnon and Jonadab, there is an absence of moral accountability. Adam Clarke notes that the friends we choose can either lead us toward righteousness or deceive us into sin.

Practical Applications

This passage resonates deeply within ecclesiastical circles as it lays bare the human experience of desiring what is forbidden. For pastors and theologians, it highlights the importance of addressing issues of lust and moral failing in ministry.

• Shepherding Individuals: Leaders must guide their congregation in recognizing the signs of temptation and distress—as Amnon displayed. Awareness can lead to prevention of similar tragic stories.
• Teaching on Relationships: Constructive conversations around healthy relationships are necessary. The church has pivotal teachings on love and intimacy that must be conveyed in light of scripture.

Theological Reflections

From a theological standpoint, Amnon's actions force us to reflect on the larger narrative of sin and redemption. Within this tragic account lies a reminder of the grace that is found in repentance and confession, a salient theme throughout scripture.

Conclusion

2 Samuel 13:4 serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of deceitful desires and the far-reaching consequences of sin. The insights drawn from various public domain commentaries deepen the understanding of this passage, offering food for thought for pastors, students, and theologians alike. In grappling with such narratives, may we be inspired to seek reconciliation and cultivate an environment where emotional honesty can coexist with spiritual integrity.