Commentary on Job 20:20

Job 20:20 states:

"Surely he shall not feel quietness in his belly; he shall not save of that which he desired."

Contextual Overview

This verse appears within a discourse by Zophar the Naamathite, one of Job's three friends who came to console him during his suffering. Zophar expresses his understanding of the fate of the wicked, illustrating a theme common in the speeches of Job's friends: the retribution theology that contends suffering is a direct consequence of sin.

Insights from Commentaries

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry emphasizes the emotional and spiritual turmoil accompanying the wicked. He notes that while the wicked may have temporary pleasures, these are fleeting and do not satisfy deeper soul longings. Zophar articulates that the good things sought by the evildoer are often unattainable, leading to ultimate disappointment. Henry underscores the futility of seeking comfort from what one cannot retain, highlighting a principle:

"The desires of the wicked lead only to their despair."

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes provides a detailed examination of the language used by Zophar. He points out that the “belly” symbolizes a person's desires and ambitions. Barnes interprets this verse as a profound revelation of the inherent lack of peace for the wicked. He asserts that although they might appear to thrive, internally they are plagued with restlessness and cannot achieve true contentment. He writes,

"The wicked are tormented by their desires because they pursue what is at odds with the will of God."

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke takes a historical approach, noting the cultural significance of the "belly" in ancient Hebrew thought as a seat of emotions and desires. He suggests that Zophar is illustrating the concept that inner turmoil reflects a broader spiritual malaise. Clarke states that when one pursues sinful desires, they can never find peace, thus reinforcing the moral order established by God. Clarke writes:

"To seek satisfaction in sin is to seek an illusion; true peace is the gift of righteousness."

Theological Implications

The message of Job 20:20 transcends mere retribution theology, touching on profound themes of desire, fulfillment, and the nature of true peace. The commentators converge on the point that external circumstances may deceive one into believing they have comfort, but it is only within the framework of divine favor and righteousness that one can achieve genuine contentment.

The Nature of Desires

• Unfulfilled Desire: The verse depicts an unending cycle of desire where what the wicked want continually eludes them.
• Spiritual Consequences: The sense of emptiness and lack of peace manifests as spiritual desolation, serving as a cautionary note to those who stray from divine principles.
• Judgment and Retribution: The verse serves as a reminder of the inevitable judgment awaiting the wicked, a central theme in Job's discourse.

Practical Application

For pastors and theologians, the insights from Job 20:20 carry significant implications for both preaching and pastoral care. It serves as a reminder of the importance of directing congregants towards a fulfilling relationship with God rather than transient worldly desires.

Points for Reflection:

• Seek True Fulfillment: Encourage individuals to find contentment through righteousness and obedience to God's will, rather than through materialistic or sinful pursuits.
• Understanding Sin’s Impact: Individuals are to be cautioned regarding the restless pursuit of desires, as it inevitably leads to despair.
• Emphasizing Divine Mercy: While the wicked are warned, there remains an opportunity for redemption, encouraging repentance and return to divine favor.

Conclusion

In summary, Job 20:20 serves as a poignant reminder of the futility of the wicked's pursuits. The insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke provide a rich tapestry of understanding that transcends simple moral lessons, digging deep into the human condition and the spiritual truths that govern our lives. This verse invites reflection on the nature of desire and the ultimate quest for peace that can only be satisfied through God.