Commentary on Job 5:20

Job 5:20: "In famine he shall redeem thee from death: and in war from the power of the sword."

Introduction

Job 5:20 is situated within a larger discourse by Eliphaz, one of Job’s friends, who attempts to explain the suffering of Job in the context of divine justice. This verse encapsulates a promise of protection amidst calamity—specifically famine and war—highlighting both the severity of earthly perils and the assurance of divine intervention. Commentators throughout history have sought to unpack the layers of meaning within this verse, focusing on humanity's condition, divine providence, and the nature of suffering.

Analysis of the Text

The verse presents a stark duality: the threats posed by famine and war, contrasted with the assurance of divine protection. This contrast illustrates a central theme in the Book of Job—the struggle between the righteous and the realities of worldly suffering.

Divine Redemption

This promise of redemption is pivotal in understanding God’s role amidst human suffering. Eliphaz implies that, even in the direst circumstances, God is able to save those who trust in Him. This point resonates strongly with theologians who emphasize God's sovereignty and grace.

Commentary Perspectives

• Matthew Henry: Henry interprets this verse as a testament to God’s mercy and the assurance that He preserves His people. He notes how God provides deliverance during trials, pointing out that even in the most adverse conditions like famine, God’s redemptive hand can intervene. Additionally, Henry emphasizes the spiritual interpretation of famine, which can symbolize spiritual drought and the corresponding hope of divine intervention in both physical and spiritual realms.
• Albert Barnes: Barnes elaborates on the concept of 'redemption' in this context. He posits that the verse highlights not merely a physical deliverance from physical threats but suggests a broader act of salvation. Barnes underscores that this redemption is not always immediate and may take various forms, potentially leading to an eventual spiritual realization or restoration. He also stresses the importance of perceiving God's involvement in human affairs and His capacity to save.
• Adam Clarke: Clarke approaches the verse with a focus on the historical context, noting the frequent experiences of famine and warfare in the ancient Near East. He acknowledges the very real fears faced by Job and his contemporaries, pointing out that the statement of promise serves as both comfort and a reminder of the importance of faith. Clarke positions this verse within the broader tapestry of Job’s narrative, where faith is tested but ultimately prevails through divine trust.

Theological Implications

Theologically, Job 5:20 invites discourse on the nature of suffering and the sovereignty of God. The verse can be seen as a foreshadowing of New Testament themes where God redeems humanity through Christ, reflecting a consistent posture of salvation throughout the canon of Scripture.

Human Suffering and Divine Sovereignty

Throughout history, theologians have grappled with the relationship between human suffering and God’s sovereignty. The affirmation that "He shall redeem" challenges believers to trust in God's promises even when they do not understand the circumstances surrounding their trials. This notion echoes through the ages and into contemporary Christianity, where believers face their own 'famines' and 'wars.'

Encouragement for the Faithful

For pastors and theologians, Job 5:20 serves as a powerful reminder to offer hope to congregants facing life's challenges. It encourages them to articulate a God who is not distant from human suffering but is actively engaged in the details of life, ready to redeem and protect. As Job's story unfolds, the faithful are reminded that genuine trust in God is often cultivated in the experience of suffering.

Conclusion

Job 5:20 stands out as a beacon of hope amidst despair. The insights from public domain commentaries provide a holistic understanding of this verse, reflecting on divine providence, the experience of human suffering, and the promise of redemption. Believers are called to embrace this promise, seeking refuge in the divine amid life's challenges. The protective nature of God, highlighted in this verse, illustrates a multifaceted character of divine engagement with humanity that remains relevant today.