Commentary on Luke 23:56

Verse Context: Luke 23:56 states, "And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment." This passage occurs immediately after the crucifixion of Jesus, capturing the actions of the women who had witnessed His burial.

Initial Observations

In this brief verse, the actions of Jesus' followers are highlighted, particularly emphasizing their respect for the Sabbath. The careful preparation of spices and ointments reflects their devotion and plans for further honoring Jesus in death. Their actions encapsulate a profound mix of sorrow, respect, and unwavering commitment to their Lord.

Theological Implications

Several significant theological implications arise from this passage, which can be explored in the light of the insights provided by public domain commentaries.

1. The Importance of the Sabbath

Matthew Henry emphasizes the importance of the Sabbath. The women’s adherence to resting on the Sabbath signifies not only their obedience to the Law but also underscores God’s prescribed order for worship and rest. This moment illustrates a deep understanding and respect for God’s commandments, even in a time of profound grief.

2. The Role of Women

Albert Barnes offers insights into the role of women in this context. The women who prepared the spices and ointments are not merely passive observers; they exemplify faithfulness and dedication. In a patriarchal society, their readiness to care for the body of Jesus at great personal cost reflects their commitment and active role in God’s redemptive plan. Their actions precede the moment of resurrection, affirming their pivotal role in the Gospel narrative.

3. The Anticipation of Resurrection

Adam Clarke highlights the preparatory nature of the women’s actions. They were anticipating the resurrection, though they perhaps did not fully understand it. The anointing of Jesus' body was a customary act signifying love and respect, yet their observance of the Sabbath also indicates a moment of waiting and contemplation, embodying hope amid despair. Clarke suggests that this tension between sorrow and hope is a critical element of the Christian faith.

Cultural and Historical Context

Understanding the cultural and historical backdrop is essential for interpreting this verse accurately. The Jewish customs surrounding death show that anointing the body was a significant act of love and respect. The preparation they undertook was not merely practical but a deeply spiritual act that echoed their understanding of Jesus’ identity and mission.

1. Jewish Burial Practices

The burial practices of the Jews involved anointing the body with spices and perfumes, which served both to honor the deceased and to combat the odor of decay. The women’s preparations underscore their love for Jesus and the depth of their mourning. The fact that they prepared spices despite the somber aftermath of crucifixion reveals their profound attachment to Jesus and their desire to honor Him in death.

2. The Sabbath Rest

In Jewish tradition, the Sabbath is a day of rest, devoted to the worship and remembrance of God’s creation and deliverance. Henry points out that their choice to rest demonstrates a complete trust in the divine order. It is significant that even in grief, the women chose to observe God's commandment, reflecting a posture of reverence towards God’s timing and plan.

Devotional Lessons

This passage offers rich devotional insights that can inspire further reflection and application for believers today.

1. Faithfulness in Mourning

The women's actions remind us of the importance of faithfulness in moments of bereavement. Just as they took time to prepare and honor Jesus, we too are called to honor those we have lost while remaining steadfast in our faith. Their example encourages believers to express love and respect for God and each other, particularly in times of sorrow.

2. Resting in God’s Plan

The decision to rest on the Sabbath conveys a profound lesson about trusting God’s timing. Barnes notes that there are times when our actions are limited, and we must simply wait on the Lord. For pastors and theologians, this passage serves as a reminder that rest and preparation are essential components of faith. It teaches that waiting does not equate to inaction but can be a significant step in God’s unfolding plan.

3. Anticipating God’s Work

The women’s preparations were not in vain. Though they did not foresee the resurrection, they acted in faith. Clarke's insight prompts readers to consider how God is at work in ways we may not yet see. This anticipation of God’s intervention can fuel our faith as we await His definitive action in our lives, just as the women awaited the resurrection.

Conclusion

The succinct yet rich narrative in Luke 23:56 invites us to delve deeper into the practices and beliefs of Jesus’ followers. Their respectful mourning, adherence to the Sabbath, and deep love for Jesus serve as a timeless witness for Christians. The insights gleaned from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke illuminate the depth of this passage, making it a valuable point of reflection for pastors, students, theologians, and scholars alike.