Commentary on Matthew 11:18

Verse: "For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a devil."

Introduction

This verse is part of a section where Jesus contrasts the ministry of John the Baptist with His own. It reflects the attitudes of the people towards John's ascetic lifestyle and their subsequent judgment of Jesus' more social approach. This commentary will explore the implications of this verse and how it sets out the nature of both ministries, offering insight from multiple respected public domain commentaries.

Contextual Analysis

In the verses leading to Matthew 11:18, Jesus addresses the doubts and criticisms surrounding John the Baptist. He defends both John and Himself by highlighting the inconsistency in the people's reactions to their respective ministries. John’s abstinence from food and drink is contrasted with Jesus’ participation in social meals, revealing the varied human tendencies to criticize regardless of the messenger’s approach.

Insights from Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry provides a thorough examination of this verse, emphasizing the dichotomy between John’s austere life and Jesus' more celebrated presence. He notes:

• John's Asceticism: John was a man of strict discipline, living a life of fasting and isolation. His refusal to partake in the normal social activities was intended to demonstrate a profound commitment to God.
• Public Judgment: Henry asserts that the people’s judgment of John as having a devil illustrates humanity’s tendency to label those who live differently from societal norms.
• Contrast with Jesus: In juxtaposing these two figures, Henry reminds us that Jesus embodies both fellowship and judgment, demonstrating God’s acceptance of all who repent regardless of personal habits.

Insights from Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes expands on the social implications of this verse, highlighting the reproof contained in Jesus’ words:

• Criticism of Divine Messengers: Barnes points out that both messengers faced unfair scrutiny; their approaches were criticized by people who were not willing to embrace their messages.
• The Nature of the People: He elaborates that Jesus addresses the stubbornness of hearts, suggesting that people often respond to the message rather than the method.
• Symbolism of Eating and Drinking: The act of eating and drinking is symbolic of fellowship and acceptance in Jewish culture. By participating in these, Jesus emphasizes His ministry’s aim to reach the lost.

Insights from Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke provides a detailed analysis, particularly on the cultural backdrop of John’s and Jesus’ ministries:

• Cultural Expectations: Clarke points out that John's lifestyle, while pious, may have been seen as extreme. In a social context, this distancing could lead to accusations of extremism.
• Expectations of the Messiah: Clarke notes that people expected the Messiah to come in a certain manner, which influenced their reception of Jesus as well.
• Rejection of Righteousness: His commentary suggests a deep-rooted rejection of righteousness, where people fail to recognize God’s work through various means.

Theological Reflections

The underlying theological message of Matthew 11:18 addresses the nature of God’s calling and ministry. It speaks to the broader narrative of the Gospel where God reaches out through various means to reveal His Kingdom:

• God’s Multifaceted Approach: God employs both John and Jesus to convey His message, yet people still misinterpret and misjudge their intentions and characteristics.
• Human Resistance: This verse emphasizes a common resistance encountered by those who deliver God’s message, showing how societal expectations can distort perceptions of righteousness.
• Preparation for Real Ministry: For pastors and theologians, this reflection should encourage an understanding of authentic ministry that transcends public opinion and societal standards.

Conclusion

Matthew 11:18 serves as a poignant reminder of the complexities inherent in the human response to divine callings. As seen through the insights of Henry, Barnes, and Clarke, the admonitions present in this verse hold contemporary significance. As ministers and students of the word engage with these texts, they must contemplate the implications of public perception, cultural expectations, and the true essence of God's message through varied messengers.