Commentary on Matthew 15:11

Matthew 15:11 states, "Not what goes into the mouth defiles a man; but what comes out of the mouth, this defiles a man." This verse is rich in meaning and has been the subject of extensive commentary by theologians throughout history. In this exploration, we will draw from notable public domain commentaries, such as those by Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, to uncover its theological significance.

Contextual Understanding

In the context of Matthew 15, Jesus is addressing the Pharisees and scribes who were concerned about ceremonial cleanliness and the tradition of washing hands before eating. The Pharisees criticized Jesus' disciples for neglecting these traditions. Jesus responds to their concerns by emphasizing a profound principle about purity and defilement.

Matthew Henry's Insights

Matthew Henry provides valuable insights into this verse, highlighting the contrast between external rituals and internal morality. He states:

• Nature of Defilement: Henry notes that true defilement does not originate from what enters the body (i.e., food) but rather from the sinful words and actions that come from the heart. This underscores a shift from ritual law to moral law.
• The Heart's Role: He emphasizes that it is the heart that must be pure, aligning with Jesus' teaching that internal moral integrity is what God desires.
• Rejection of Tradition: This teaching directly refutes the Pharisaical traditions which placed heavy burdens on men while neglecting the weightier matters of the law such as mercy and justice.

Albert Barnes' Commentary

Albert Barnes, in his commentary, elaborates on the difference between external observances and the internal state of a person:

• Philosophical Perspective: Barnes notes that the Jews believed that defilement came from external sources, yet Jesus challenges this notion by asserting that defilement arises from within.
• Spiritual Audacity: He argues that those who are considered spiritually adept should focus not on abstaining from certain foods, but rather on cultivating a heart that produces good and truthful speech.
• Practical Application: The implication here is practical; Christians are called to examine their own lives not by their observance of food laws or traditions but by their words and the condition of their hearts.

Adam Clarke's Theological Reflections

Adam Clarke sheds light on the spiritual dimensions of this verse, linking it to broader biblical themes:

• Linguistic Focus: Clarke points out the significance of speech in defining character. He emphasizes that the "mouth" is the window to the soul and whatever proceeds from it reveals inner thoughts and intentions.
• Relationship with God: He draws a connection between this teaching and the necessity of a repentant heart, reflecting that true defilement comes from rejecting God's commandments and engaging in wicked speech.
• Redemptive Call: Clarke encourages readers to see this as part of the larger redemptive narrative, where Jesus calls humanity to turn from shallow practices to a deeper, heart-centered faith.

Practical Implications for Believers

Reflecting on Matthew 15:11, the implications for pastors, theologians, and students are profound:

• Evaluating Traditions: This verse calls individuals and church leaders to critically evaluate their traditions and liturgical practices. Are they fostering spiritual growth or simply upholding empty rituals?
• Heart Examination: It challenges believers to regularly take stock of their hearts, ensuring that what comes out of their mouths aligns with God’s truth and righteousness.
• Focus on Moral Teaching: It encourages a focus on teaching and preaching that emphasizes inner purity and heart transformation over mere adherence to external laws.

Theological Conclusion

In summary, Matthew 15:11 serves as a reminder of the essence of Jesus’ message: that God desires authenticity from His followers. It is not about the external observances of food or tradition, but about the inner transformation that reflects in our words and actions. The insights from Henry, Barnes, and Clarke reveal the need to look beyond the surface and address the heart, reinforcing the importance of internal piety over external compliance.

As the church continues to evolve, this verse remains a clarion call to prioritize spiritual integrity and authentic faith that honors God through both speech and action.