Commentary on Matthew 20:4

Verse: "And said unto them, Go ye also into the vineyard, and whatsoever is right I will give you. And they went their way."

Introduction

This verse is part of the parable of the laborers in the vineyard, which illustrates several profound truths about God's grace, the nature of the Kingdom of Heaven, and the calling of believers to serve Him. The invitation issued in this verse serves as a microcosm of the broader theological themes present in Scripture.

The Nature of the Call

Matthew Henry emphasizes the significance of the call mentioned in this verse. The landowner, representing Christ, actively seeks laborers to work in His vineyard. This highlights a key aspect of divine providence; God is always in search of souls to bring into His service. The phrase "Go ye also into the vineyard" is an invitation that reflects both grace and responsibility.

Albert Barnes notes that the call to the vineyard suggests employment, purpose, and contribution to a greater good. It is essential for believers to recognize that they are invited into a work that brings fruitfulness and satisfaction, aligning with God's overarching plan.

The Promise of Fairness

The promise "whatsoever is right I will give you" indicates God's justice and righteousness. Adam Clarke elaborates on this, explaining that the landowner does not specify a wage, which suggests that the reward given will exceed human expectations. He will provide based on His inherent goodness rather than strict human entitlement.

This aligns with the overarching theme of grace, where God’s rewards are not earned but are freely given. This element of divine generosity can be illustrated by various biblical accounts where God's gifts surpass mere human merit.

The Response of the Laborers

Upon receiving the call, the laborers promptly respond by going to work. This act of obedience signifies a willingness to engage in God’s work, reminding us of the necessity of active participation in the faith. Matthew Henry notes that the laborers did not hesitate but immediately commenced their labor, illustrating the proper attitude of readiness and willing service in God's kingdom.

Theological Implications

This parable invites deep theological reflection on several fronts:

• Grace and Labor: The relationship between grace and human effort is exemplified. Though we do not earn our salvation through works, God calls us to labor actively in response to His grace.
• Equity in the Kingdom: The statement of fair payment as determined by the master indicates that what may seem unfair from a human perspective is just within God's divine economy. Each laborer receives according to God’s purpose.
• Invitation to All: The repeated call throughout the day signifies that God’s invitation to salvation and service is open to everyone, regardless of when they come to the faith.

Application for Believers

For pastors, students, and theologians, this passage provides vital instruction for both personal and communal application:

• Understanding Our Ministry: As laborers called into the vineyard, we must comprehend both the worthiness of the calling and the nature of the work we undertake.
• Reflecting God’s Character: The fairness of God implores us to model justice and generosity in our ministerial practices and community interactions.
• Encouraging Participation: We must foster an inclusive atmosphere in the church that invites all, emphasizing that regardless of when individuals come to faith, they are equally valued in God’s eyes.

Conclusion

Matthew 20:4 serves as a poignant reminder of God’s active pursuit of laborers in His vineyard and underscores the core principles of grace, obedience, and justice within the Kingdom of Heaven. Believers are encouraged to heed this call, recognizing that their labor is both a blessing and a significant part of God's redemptive story in the world.