Bible Commentary on Matthew 22:39

Verse: "And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself."

Introduction

Matthew 22:39 presents one of the commandments that encapsulate the moral essence of the Scriptures. Here, Jesus, when asked about the greatest commandment, cites profound principles regarding love—first towards God and then towards others. This verse not only emphasizes the importance of love in human relationships but also serves as a reflection of the believer's relationship with God.

Contextual Background

The statement is made during a pivotal encounter in the Gospel, where Jesus is confronted by the Pharisees and Sadducees who aim to undermine His authority. In this dialogue, Jesus separates the essentials of the law from its burdens, affirming that love governs the heart of the commandments. This verse is a synthesis of the law and the prophets, calling for sincere devotion to God and genuine concern for fellow humans.

Commentary Insights

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry emphasizes that the essence of the law is love. He notes that to "love thy neighbour as thyself" is a call to treat others with the same care and concern that one desires for all to have toward oneself. This command, a well-established Old Testament principle found in Leviticus 19:18, is redefined and elevated in the context of Jesus’ teaching. Henry expounds on the implications of loving one’s neighbor, suggesting that such love must be universal, active, and selfless, reflecting God’s love towards humanity.

Albert Barnes' Commentary

Albert Barnes provides an in-depth theological perspective, focusing on the nature of love within this commandment. He articulates that love is not merely an emotion but a deliberate choice that manifests in actions. Furthermore, Barnes elucidates that loving one’s neighbor encompasses all races, social statuses, and moral conditions. The commandment extends beyond mere tolerance to active goodwill, kindness, and service. He underscores that the basis of this commandment lies in the intrinsic value of every human being as created in the image of God, thus making every neighbor worthy of love and respect.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Adam Clarke highlights the profound moral and ethical implications of this command. He states that the principle of loving one’s neighbor is foundational to social harmony and personal integrity. Clarke emphasizes that this command not only excludes harm towards others but positively necessitates promoting their welfare. Moreover, Clarke challenges readers to examine their actions in light of this commandment, reflecting on whether their treatment of others aligns with their self-regard. He points out that love for one’s neighbor is a natural extension of love for God, suggesting an indelible link between divine love and human relationships.

Theological Implications

• Love as the Fulfillment of the Law: The Apostle Paul echoes this sentiment in Romans 13:10, stating that love is the fulfillment of the law. This highlights the transformative power of love as both a command and a motivator for ethical behavior.
• The Nature of True Neighbors: Jesus expands the definition of neighborhood through parables such as the Good Samaritan, urging believers to extend love and mercy beyond moral boundaries and societal norms.
• Self-Love as a Measure: The commandment stipulates "as thyself," which assumes an understanding of personal worth. This suggests that individuals must also maintain a healthy self-love grounded in God's love to effectively love others.

Practical Applications

• Self-Reflection: Believers should regularly self-assess their capacity to love neighbors and identify barriers that inhibit such love.
• Community Engagement: Active participation in community services reflects this command in tangible forms—feeding the hungry, visiting the sick, and sharing burdens.
• Discipleship: Teaching others about love as exemplified in the life of Christ fosters a culture of caring within the church and community.

Conclusion

Matthew 22:39 is not merely a directive but a profound reminder of the essence of Christian ethics. As pastors, students, and scholars delve into this verse, they are invited to explore its depths and implications for personal life, church practice, and social engagement. The teachings of Henry, Barnes, and Clarke invite believers to embody this commandment, embracing a lifestyle of love that truly fulfills the law and reflects the heart of God towards humanity.