Commentary on Numbers 13:2

Verse: "Send thou men, that they may search the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel: of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a ruler among them." - Numbers 13:2

Introduction

This verse marks a pivotal moment in the narrative of the Israelites as they journey from slavery in Egypt towards the Promised Land. In the lead-up to this command, the nation has witnessed God's miraculous power, and now they are called to survey the land that God has promised to them. This commentary draws from various public domain sources to explore the implications of this command and its theological significance.

The Divine Command

The directive to send men to scout Canaan underscores a vital theme in the Scriptures: God's active engagement in guiding His chosen people. Matthew Henry notes that this command is initiated by the Lord Himself, indicating the importance of His involvement in the affairs of Israel. The act of sending spies symbolizes a process of preparation, for God desires His people to be informed and ready to take possession of the land He has ordained for them.

The Choice of Spies

Numbers 13:2 specifically mentions that a ruler from each tribe is to be chosen. This selection reflects not only leadership but also representation—each tribe being integral to the covenant community.

• Albert Barnes' commentary emphasizes the importance of leadership in the faith journey. Rulers are expected to possess not only authority but also insight and wisdom, traits necessary for evaluating the land and conveying the message to their respective tribes.
• Adam Clarke adds that the number of spies, one from each tribe, illustrates the unity and collective responsibility of the Israelites. The report of the spies would have a direct impact on the entire nation, highlighting how the actions of a few leaders can influence the community as a whole.

The Purpose of the Spying Expedition

God's command to scout the land does not imply a lack of faith in His promises. Rather, it serves multiple purposes:

• Preparation: God equips His people with information about the land they are to inhabit. This process allows for a strategy to be established for taking possession of the land. Matthew Henry points out that knowing the land's strengths and weaknesses can bolster the confidence of the Israelites, reminding them of God’s power in overcoming obstacles.
• Assurance: By sending spies, God ensures that the Israelites understand the promise in a tangible way. Knowledge of the land and its challenges can affirm their faith in God's promise. Albert Barnes observes that this mission may foster belief among the people, reinforcing their trust in God’s guidance.
• Testing Faith: The upcoming report of the land can also serve as a test of faith for the Israelites. Adam Clarke indicates that how the leaders perceive their mission reflects in the eventual response of the congregation, illustrating the dynamics of belief in the face of daunting realities.

Theological Implications

This verse encapsulates several theological truths relevant to pastors, students, and theologians:

• Divine Sovereignty: God's command signifies His lordship over Israel's journey. Matthew Henry reiterates that the land belongs to God, and He is the one who allocates it to His people, illustrating the theme of divine providence.
• Covenantal Faithfulness: This episode highlights God's faithfulness to His covenant promises. Albert Barnes elucidates that the opportunity to scout the land invigorates the memory of God’s promises and stimulates the hope of their fulfillment.
• Human Responsibility: The act of sending spies is an acknowledgment of human responsibility alongside divine action. Adam Clarke emphasizes that while God is in control, He invites His people to participate in the unfolding of His plans, demonstrating a relationship of partnership.

Conclusion

Numbers 13:2 serves as a prelude to a critical juncture in Israel's history. The Lord's instruction to send spies illustrates divine sovereignty, the necessity of preparedness, and the human response to God’s promises. For contemporary believers, this passage serves as a reminder of the importance of faith, obedience, and communal leadership. As we seek to navigate the challenges of our spiritual journey, may we reflect on the insights provided by these ancient texts and apply them within our contexts, recognizing the ongoing call to trust in God's promises and engage actively in His mission.