Commentary on Numbers 13:20

Numbers 13:20 states, "And what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land. Now the time was the time of the first ripe grapes."

Introduction

This verse is part of the larger narrative where Moses sends spies to explore the land of Canaan, a critical moment in Israel's history. The directives given emphasize the importance of understanding not just the physical characteristics of the land but also the faith and courage required to claim it.

Insights from Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry emphasizes that Moses' requests go beyond mere observation; he seeks a thorough understanding of the land’s potential and resources. The terms "fat" and "lean" refer to the fertility of the soil—implying the prosperity that awaits the children of Israel if they are obedient.

Henry also notes the importance of the command, "be ye of good courage." This reflects both a physical and spiritual readiness. The Israelites were not just to report the land’s attributes but must also cultivate the courage to face the daunting challenges ahead in claiming that land.

Insights from Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes elaborates on the spies' commission to assess the land with a pragmatic view. He states that their exploration would provide the Israelite leaders with necessary details to rally the people around the prospect of entering Canaan. He highlights the urgency of bringing back tangible evidence of the land’s bounty, particularly its fruits, as a way to instill hope and confidence in the Israelites.

Barnes points out that the mention of "the first ripe grapes" is significant; it shows the timing of the mission was divinely orchestrated. The ripeness of the grapes symbolizes an opportune moment for their anticipated entry into a land flowing with milk and honey—a depiction of God’s promised abundance to His people.

Insights from Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke delves deeply into the agricultural implications of the description of the land. He suggests that the terms used to describe the land's fertility provide insights into God's provisions. The directive to look for timber or wood also indicates the necessity of building materials for their future homes and sanctuaries in the promised land.

Clarke also addresses the phrase “be ye of good courage,” stating that this exhortation is crucial for enabling the spies to return with a faithful report devoid of fear. He warns against the paralysis of fear that can hinder one's perception of God's promises, underscoring that bravery and faith are essential to overcome challenges represented by the inhabitants of Canaan.

Theological Implications

This verse encapsulates the themes of divine promise, human responsibility, and the necessity of faith. It illustrates the dual nature of God's blessings—they are often coupled with challenges that require steadfastness and courage from His people.

Divine Assurance

The command to explore the land is rooted in the assurance that God has already laid claim to it for Israel. Their task is to observe and prepare for the victory that God has ordained.

Faith in Action

The act of bringing back the fruit signifies an active engagement with God’s promises. It shows the importance of faith working through action; the spies are to not only gather information but also to testify to the goodness and provision of God.

Conclusion

In Numbers 13:20, we find a crucial call for observance and courage. The interplay of seeing, tasting, and believing serves as a timeless reminder for believers to assess the landscape of their spiritual journeys, courageously claim the promises of God, and actively engage in His calling.

This commentary provides insights for pastors, students, theologians, and Bible scholars, encouraging them to explore the depth of scripture and the richness of God's promises while advocating for a courageous faith that embodies the call to live out those promises in their communities and personal lives.