Bible Commentary on Numbers 5:22

Numbers 5:22 states: “And this water that causeth the curse shall go into thy bowels, to make thy belly swell, and thy thigh to rot: and the woman shall say, Amen, Amen.” This verse is part of the passage detailing the ritual for a suspected adulteress—the ordeal of bitterness—which serves to address issues of suspicion, guilt, and divine justice within the community of Israel.

Contextual Background

This passage can be found within the broader context of the Mosaic Law, which aimed to maintain purity and holiness among God’s chosen people. The previous chapters outline the importance of both personal and communal hygiene, touching upon physical, moral, and spiritual aspects.

Historical Significance

The ordeal described in this chapter illustrates the serious nature of adultery in ancient Israel. Adultery was not merely a personal failing but a serious offense against the covenant community and the holiness of God. The process seeks to clear the name of those suspected while maintaining integrity in the community.

Commentary Insights

• Matthew Henry’s Commentary:

  Matthew Henry highlights the gravity of the situation for the woman accused of adultery. He notes that the ritual emphasizes reliance on God’s judgment rather than human judgment. The response of the woman—her saying “Amen, Amen”—indicates her acceptance of the terms and the seriousness of her situation. Henry asserts that this passage underscores God’s ability to reveal the truth, and the resulting punishment serves as both a deterrent and a means of justice.

• Albert Barnes’ Commentary:

  Barnes elaborates on the nature of the curse and its implications for the woman involved in the ordeal. He discusses how the physical symptoms described (such as the swelling of the belly and the rotting of the thigh) are indicative of a divine response to unfaithfulness. Barnes emphasizes the spiritual and moral ramifications of sin, suggesting that adultery involves a profound breach of covenant that can manifest in both physical and spiritual consequences. He also brings attention to the seriousness with which God views purity within marriage.

• Adam Clarke’s Commentary:

  Clarke provides a detailed examination of the ritual itself and its cultural implications. He interprets the ordeal as a means of establishing divine justice within a community that values fidelity. Clarke points out that the ritual is not only a method for uncovering the truth but also serves as a reminder of the communal consequences of individual actions. His analysis reveals how the ritual fosters a fear of sin among the people, reinforcing the sanctity of marital vows.

Theological Implications

This verse serves to reflect on several theological themes related to sin, judgment, and grace. The ordeal represents God's desire for truth and integrity within His people, emphasizing the importance of fidelity in relationships, both human and divine.

Sin and Accountability

Adultery stands as a critical sin against God’s design for marriage. The consequences outlined remind believers of the absolute accountability each individual holds for their actions. The communal aspect of this judgment highlights the ripple effect of personal sin, affecting not just the transgressor, but also their relationship with God and the broader community.

Divine Justice

This passage illustrates God’s approach to justice—one that seeks truth through a divinely ordained process. It also serves as a precursor to New Testament teachings on judgment and grace, where the emphasis shifts toward mercy and restoration while still acknowledging the seriousness of sin.

Human Response to Divine Ordeal

The woman’s acceptance of the curse through her acknowledgment (“Amen, Amen”) signifies a moment of surrender before God. This can be a profound lesson for believers today, as it calls for humility and recognition of one's standing before a holy God. The acknowledgment also implies faith in God’s ability to ultimately reveal truth and administer justice.

Application for Today’s Believers

Reflecting on Numbers 5:22 encourages Christians to consider their own relationships, integrity, and the communal aspect of their faith journey. There are several key applications to draw from this passage:

• Commitment to Purity: In a world where fidelity can often be compromised, believers are called to uphold God’s standards of holiness in their relationships, recognizing the implications of unfaithfulness.
• Understanding Grace: While the passage reveals the serious nature of sin, it also points toward God’s overarching plan for redemption. In Christ, all believers find a path to forgiveness.
• Encouragement of Accountability: Just as the ordeal highlighted accountability within the community, modern believers should strive for honesty and transparency in their lives, willing to bear one another’s burdens.

Conclusion

Numbers 5:22 presents a challenging yet vital truth about God’s justice and the sanctity of vows. As we engage with this text, let us seek to apply its lessons to our lives today, acknowledging the seriousness of sin while embracing the grace offered through Jesus Christ. In doing so, we uphold the integrity of our commitments, contribute to the vitality of our communities, and reflect the character of our God.