Commentary on Daniel 7:22

Verse Text: "Until the Ancient of Days came, and judgment was given to the saints of the most High; and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom." (Daniel 7:22)

Introduction

The vision of Daniel chapter 7 is profound and rich in theological significance, revealing the nature of God's sovereignty and the ultimate triumph of His people. In verse 22, Daniel presents a pivotal moment in the narrative, where divine intervention and judgment play critical roles. This commentary synthesizes perspectives from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke to offer a comprehensive understanding of this verse.

Contextual Background

The Book of Daniel is set during a time of great crisis for Israel, amidst the Babylonian exile. Daniel receives several visions that illustrate the future of the Jewish people and the rise and fall of empires. Chapter 7 describes a vision involving four beasts, each representing earthly kingdoms, followed by the establishment of God's everlasting kingdom. This specific verse transitions from the turmoil of the beasts to the assurance of divine justice and the victory of the saints.

Verse Analysis

The Ancient of Days Came

This phrase refers metaphorically to God, depicted as the Ancient of Days, symbolizing His eternality and sovereignty. Matthew Henry emphasizes that this title signifies God’s ageless authority and His ability to preside over the court of judgment. Albert Barnes adds that "coming" denotes the active involvement of God in human affairs, particularly in delivering judgment against the wicked. It signifies not absence, but rather the well-timed intervention of God in history.

Judgment Given to the Saints

The phrase “judgment was given to the saints” indicates a transfer of authority. Adam Clarke interprets this as the saints being vindicated and receiving divine justice. This aspect is crucial—it conveys the idea that the righteous will not only witness God's judgment but will also play a role in it. The term "saints" denotes those who are set apart for God, reinforcing the theme of divine election and empowerment.

The Time Came for the Saints to Possess the Kingdom

This segment highlights the fulfillment of God’s promises to His people. The saints “possessing the kingdom” resonates with the biblical theme of inheritance. Matthew Henry notes that this possession is both a present reality and a future hope—a sign of their ultimate victory and restoration. The term implies that the struggle against worldly powers is not in vain; God’s kingdom is assuredly established.

Theological Implications

God's Sovereignty and Justice

The verse profoundly speaks to God's sovereignty over history and His just nature. The arrival of the Ancient of Days signals that God's reign will ultimately prevail over earthly kingdoms, which often appear domineering. Albert Barnes remarks that these insights bolster the faith of believers, assuring them that God is in control, no matter how chaotic the world may seem.

Encouragement to the Believers

This promise serves as encouragement to the faithful amidst trials. The saints are reminded that their struggles will culminate in a glorious victory. Adam Clarke emphasizes that this gives believers hope and assurance that their perseverance is rewarded. Such assurance is vital for pastoral care, reminding the church that their labors, although oftentimes met with adversity, hold eternal significance.

The Kingdom of God

The establishment of God's kingdom is a recurring theme throughout Scripture, culminating in the messianic reign of Christ. The reference to the saints possessing the kingdom is a foreshadowing of the New Testament teachings regarding the reign of Jesus and the inheritance of the saints outlined in Revelation. Matthew Henry articulates that this kingdom is characterized by peace, righteousness, and joy—elements that reflect the very nature of God's reign.

Practical Applications

For pastors and students of Scripture, Daniel 7:22 serves as a rich source of doctrine and encouragement. Here are several practical applications:

• Affirmation of Faith: Believers are called to affirm their trust in God's sovereignty amid societal chaos.
• Hope in Persecution: This verse encourages believers faced with persecution to remain steadfast, knowing that a divine vindication is assured.
• Teaching about the End Times: This passage provides a framework for understanding eschatological themes regarding the ultimate triumph of God's kingdom.
• Encouraging Community Aspects: The concept of "saints" reflects community; fostering unity within the body of Christ is vital as they await the fulfillment of God's promises.

Conclusion

Daniel 7:22 encapsulates the heart of a divine narrative—a reminder of God's sovereign rule, the promise of justice for His people, and the assured establishment of His kingdom. As Matthew Henry aptly states, this provides a ray of hope—the reign of God breaks into the tumultuous affairs of mankind. For today's believers, this passage remains a cornerstone of theological reflection and practical encouragement as they navigate their faith amidst the challenges of life.