Ecclesiastes 5:14 Commentary

Ecclesiastes 5:14 states:
"But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and there is nothing in his hand."

Introduction

This verse encapsulates a profound truth about the transitory nature of wealth and the futility of striving for material gain at the expense of spiritual and familial health. Both the Old Testament wisdom and the experiences woven throughout Scripture converge here to remind us of life’s inherent fragility and the ultimate vanity of earthly pursuits.

Commentary Insights

• Matthew Henry’s Perspective

  Henry discusses the subject of riches within the context of human labor and divine providence. He argues that many toil with great effort to amass wealth, only to find that these riches are often lost through misfortune or adversity. This reflects a wider theme in Ecclesiastes regarding the ephemeral nature of life's blessings:

  • The Perishing Nature of Wealth: Henry illustrates how riches can be gained with effort but may vanish quickly due to unforeseen circumstances. He emphasizes, "He that gathers riches from the dust may be called a fool for risking so much upon an uncertain wind."
  • Loss in Generational Wealth: The verse points to the poignant reality that a man may accumulate wealth but leaves nothing of value to his heirs. This challenges the notion of legacy and the true meaning of providing for one's family.

• Albert Barnes’ Insights

  Barnes addresses the duality found in human endeavors: labor for gain can lead either to wealth or to ruin. His take on this verse highlights both the disappointment in seeking riches and the existential questions that arise from such pursuits:

  • Sorrow of Unfulfilled Ambitions: Barnes suggests that the anguish experienced in striving for wealth can overshadow the joy of what one achieves, leading the laborer to a "bitter end" devoid of any substantial inheritance.
  • Generational Consequences: He also points out that the absence of wealth in one’s hand when begetting a son symbolizes not just material poverty but also spiritual barrenness, emphasizing the importance of imparting wisdom and character over riches.

• Adam Clarke’s Analysis

  Clarke’s interpretation expands on the futility of wealth and the importance of the moral and spiritual dimensions of life. He describes riches viewed through the lens of Ecclesiastes as often being a source of anxiety:

  • By Evil Travail: Clarke explains that the phrase "by evil travail" suggests that even the acquisition of wealth can come at a personal cost, including stress, loss of health, and strained relationships.
  • Ultimate Inheritance: Clarke highlights that spiritual inheritance — the character, faith, and integrity we pass on — holds greater significance than material wealth. This reinforces the idea that raising children with spiritual depth is paramount.

Applications for Pastors and Theologians

Taking into account these insights, the following applications can be drawn:

• Teaching on Wealth:

  Pastors should use this verse to instruct congregants on the dangers of materialism. The ephemerality of wealth can serve as a sermon topic that aligns with the teachings of Jesus regarding treasures in heaven (Matthew 6:19-21).

• Legacy and Spiritual Parenting:

  The concept of leaving behind more than material wealth should resonate in sermons focused on discipleship. Encouraging spiritual growth in children is essential, and this passage provides a poignant backdrop for such discussions.

• Adversity and Providence:

  Encouraging believers to place their trust in God's providence rather than in the accumulation of riches could be a significant aspect of pastoral counseling. The transient nature of riches serves as a reminder that God’s provision transcends economy.

Conclusion

Ecclesiastes 5:14 serves as a thoughtful reflection on the futility of wealth and the importance of nurturing a rich inner life and family legacy. Through the combined insights of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, we are reminded that true richness comes not from material accumulation but from the depth of character and the strength of our relationships with God and others.