Exodus 28:21 Commentary

Exodus 28:21 states: "And the stones shall be with the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, like the engravings of a signet; every one with his name shall they be according to the twelve tribes." This verse is significant in its implications for the roles of the High Priest and the representation of Israel before God. Below, we examine insights from various public domain commentaries.

Significance of the High Priest's Garment

Matthew Henry emphasizes the importance of the High Priest's garments, noting that they serve both a functional and symbolic purpose. The stones on the breastplate are not merely ornamental but signify the direct representation of the tribes before God:

• Representation of the Tribes: Each stone bearing the name of a tribe serves as a reminder of the individual and collective identity of the Israelites. This representation is integral in the High Priest's role as an intercessor.
• Historical Context: Henry points out that these names and stones connect the High Priest to the historical narrative of Israel, reminding the people of their covenant relationship with God.

Symbolism of the Stones

Albert Barnes draws attention to the significance of the stones, suggesting that the quality and beauty of these stones reflect the glory and holiness of God. Each stone is likened to:

• Engraving of a Signet: The analogy to a signet emphasizes the permanence and individuality of each tribe. Just as a signet bears an impression of authority, so too do these names reflect God's sovereign choice of Israel as His people.
• Communion with God: The High Priest bearing the names on his breastplate symbolizes the ongoing communion between God and Israel. It is a reminder of the personal relationship sought by God with His people.

Theological Implications

Adam Clarke addresses the theological implications of this verse. He points out that:

• Unity and Diversity: The twelve stones represent both the unity of the Israelite identity and the diversity of the individual tribes. Clarke notes that this diversity is not merely tolerated within God's plan but celebrated as a part of His divine purpose.
• The Intercessory Role: The act of the High Priest bearing the names signifies an intercessory role. Clarke elaborates that the High Priest must never forget the individual and collective needs of the people he represents.

Practical Applications

Reflecting upon this verse, it can be practically applied in several key areas:

• Leadership: Pastors and leaders can take note of the importance of representing their congregations before God, ensuring that each member is valued and remembered in prayer.
• Community Identity: Just as the stones signify belonging to specific tribes, modern churches should emphasize the importance of community identity while celebrating diversity within their congregations.
• Intercession: The practice of intercessory prayer can be encouraged among church members, fostering a deeper connection with each other and with God.

Conclusion

The insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke on Exodus 28:21 illustrate the depth of meaning contained in this single verse. The representation of the tribes on the High Priest's breastplate is not just about clothing but about the relationship between God and His people. As students of theology and biblical scholars engage with this text, they find invaluable lessons on leadership, community, and divine representation. The significance of these stones transcends the physical, inviting deeper reflection on how we relate to God and each other as His chosen ones.