Commentary on Job 15:35

Text of Job 15:35 (ESV): "They conceive trouble and give birth to evil, and their womb prepares deceit."

Introduction

Job 15:35 is part of a larger discourse in which Eliphaz the Temanite speaks to Job, reflecting on the nature of human sinfulness and the consequences that follow. This verse encapsulates a critical part of Eliphaz's argument, emphasizing the conception of evil and resulting deceit, indicative of a broader theological theme within the Book of Job regarding human suffering and the nature of evil.

Contextual Analysis

The Book of Job is a narrative exploring profound questions about suffering, justice, and God's sovereignty. In this segment, Eliphaz berates Job for his perceived wickedness, suggesting that Job’s suffering is a direct result of his moral failures. Eliphaz's perspective is rooted in a traditional belief that righteousness leads to divine favor while wickedness incurs divine retribution.

Historical Background

Job is situated in a context where the belief in retributive justice was commonly accepted. Eliphaz represents the voice of the "friends" who uphold this conventional wisdom, which stands in stark contrast to Job's experiential understanding of his plight. Understanding this passage requires recognizing the cultural and theological implications of such beliefs during Job’s time.

Verse Analysis

Eliphaz’s proclamation that “they conceive trouble and give birth to evil” signifies a process of moral decline where evil is not merely an occurrence but a deliberate conception, illustrating that wickedness stems from inner corruption. This can be unpacked as follows:

• Conception of Trouble: The term "conceive" implies that evil is not an accident but is intentionally nurtured. It indicates a premeditation, whereby individuals plan and cultivate their sinful actions.
• Birth of Evil: The metaphorical language of “giving birth" suggests that evil eventually manifests in tangible actions and consequences. What begins as a thought or intention ultimately results in deeds that harm oneself and others.
• Deceit Prepared in the Womb: The imagery here implies that deceit is not only born out of evil but is also a product of a heart that has turned away from truth. This highlights the deceptive nature of sin that often breeds further sinfulness.

Theological Insights

Eliphaz brings forth a vital theological assertion regarding the human condition: the intrinsic tendency towards sin and deceit. The following insights can be drawn from his claims:

• The Nature of Humanity: There is a universal tendency in humanity to veer away from righteousness. Historical interpretations, including those from Matthew Henry, suggest that all humans have a propensity towards sin which they often nurture.
• Consequences of Sin: As Adam Clarke notes, every act of sin carries with it the seeds of destruction, leading to a cycle of negative consequences both for the individual and the wider community.
• Divine Justice: The narrative serves to reflect on God’s justice system where every evil act does not go unnoticed. Although Job feels unjustly punished, the broader theme indicates that God watches over human conduct.

Pastoral Reflections

For pastors and spiritual leaders, Job 15:35 serves as a solemn reminder of the nature of evil and the importance of spiritual vigilance. Reflection upon this scripture can yield significant lessons:

• Awareness of Sin: Pastors are called to guide their congregations in recognizing and confronting sin within their lives. Understanding that trouble is conceived leads to the proactive desire to seek repentance.
• Truth vs. Deceit: In a world filled with moral ambiguity, leaders must preach the importance of truth, advocating for a life that seeks integrity over deceit.
• Empathy in Suffering: Recognizing that suffering may not always be a direct consequence of sin helps cultivate compassion within the church towards those who struggle, as seen in Job’s plight.

Conclusion

Job 15:35 encapsulates the heart of the message that Eliphaz delivers in his discourse with Job. It serves as a reminder of the human condition and its inclination towards evil and deceit. For theologians and scholars, this passage prompts a deeper examination of the nature of sin, the pervasiveness of evil, and the grace of God that calls for redemption. In sum, while Eliphaz's words reveal a harsh truth about humanity, they also set the stage for understanding the necessity of God's grace in the face of our failings.