Commentary on Luke 20:12

Luke 20:12 states: "And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out." This verse is part of the parable of the wicked tenants, illustrating the rejection of the messengers of God and ultimately the rejection of His Son, Jesus Christ. Below, we will explore various insights derived from public domain commentaries, providing a rich tapestry of understanding for pastors, students, theologians, and Bible scholars.

Context of the Passage

This parable is set in the context of Jesus' teaching in Jerusalem during the final days before His crucifixion. The audience includes religious leaders and the people who are following Him. The use of the vineyard metaphor is significant, representing God's people, Israel, and His care for them.

The Vineyard and Its Owner

In this parable, the owner of the vineyard represents God, who has given the Israelites every opportunity to thrive spiritually. Matthew Henry comments that the vineyard symbolizes the Jewish nation and the privileges afforded to them, including the Law and the prophets. The owner expected fruits from the vineyard, just as God expected righteousness from His people.

The Servants Sent

The servants sent by the owner of the vineyard are understood to represent the prophets and messengers God sent to Israel throughout its history.

• First Servant: The first servant, who is beaten, symbolizes the numerous prophets who were mistreated by the people (e.g., Jeremiah, Zechariah).
• Second Servant: The second, who is treated shamefully, indicates the continued disregard for God’s messages and the growing hostility towards His messengers.
• Third Servant: The third servant is wounded and cast out, signifying the peak of rejection that culminated in Jesus Himself being sent to the people, only to be similarly rejected.

Rejection and Judgment

Albert Barnes emphasizes the theme of rejection that is prevalent in this parable. Each servant represents the increasing severity of the people's rejection of God’s messengers:

• The first servant was beaten, signifying physical abuse.
• The second was treated shamefully, pointing to public humiliation.
• The third was wounded and cast out, which highlights the spiritual consequences of their obstinate hearts.

Symbolism of the Third Servant

Adam Clarke notes that the third servant's experience is a prophetic foreshadowing of John the Baptist and then Jesus. The act of casting him out resonates with the ultimate rejection faced by Christ, who was crucified outside the city.

Theological Implications

The implications of Luke 20:12 stretch beyond mere historical context. They reflect a broader theological truth regarding the nature of divine patience and human rebellion. God, in His mercy, sends multiple messengers, offering chances for repentance. Yet, humanity’s inclination towards rebellion leads to tragic consequences. This highlights the seriousness of rejecting God’s word and His messengers.

Application for Today

For contemporary readers, especially pastors and Bible scholars, this passage serves as a warning about the rejection of God's truth and the importance of acknowledging and responding to His message. Just as the leaders in Jesus’ time resisted the truth, so too can individuals and communities today resist the call of God.

Closing Reflections

In conclusion, Luke 20:12 serves as a pivotal verse that encapsulates the profound themes of rejection, prophetic witness, and divine patience. As we reflect on this parable, let us be mindful of our own responses to God's voice and remain vigilant against the subtle temptations to disregard His messengers—whether they appear in scripture or in our lives today.