Commentary on Luke 22:14
Luke 22:14 reads:
"And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him."
Introduction
The narrative of the Last Supper is a pivotal moment in the New Testament, capturing the essence of Jesus' ministry, the establishment of the Eucharist, and the foreshadowing of his impending sacrifice. As we delve into the insights provided by respected public domain commentaries, we will explore the theological, social, and historical contexts of this verse.
Contextual Analysis
The phrase "when the hour was come" indicates a divinely appointed time, emphasized throughout the Gospel of Luke. Matthew Henry comments that Jesus is fully aware of the impending events, showcasing his divine sovereignty over the moment.
- Matthew Henry: He notes the significance of timing in Jesus’ ministry, indicating that all occurs according to God’s perfect plan.
- Albert Barnes: He highlights that this was the culmination of Jesus’ earthly ministry, where he fulfills the Passover and inaugurates the new covenant.
- Adam Clarke: Clarke observes that the gathering of the apostles signifies unity among the disciples, even in the face of betrayal and abandonment.
The Significance of the Gathering
As Jesus sits down with his apostles, this gathering carries profound implications. Within this intimate setting, Jesus shares his last meal with those he has chosen, indicating the deep bond formed between the disciples and their master.
- Matthew Henry: He emphasizes the importance of the company that Jesus keeps, illustrating his teaching method through fellowship and communion.
- Albert Barnes: Barnes remarks on the symbolism of the meal, which not only commemorates the Exodus but also signals the establishment of a new form of worship and community.
- Adam Clarke: Clarke reflects on the social norms of the time, wherein sharing a meal signifies acceptance and love, which demonstrates Jesus’ profound commitment to his followers.
Theological Implications
This verse sets the stage for the institution of the Lord’s Supper, a sacrament that would carry significant theological weight in Christian practice.
- Matthew Henry: He indicates that this moment foreshadows the suffering that Jesus will endure, intertwining the themes of sacrifice and redemption.
- Albert Barnes: Barnes elaborates on the New Covenant aspects of the meal, noting that it represents a spiritual sustenance for believers, superseding Old Testament sacrifices.
- Adam Clarke: His commentary focuses on the presence of betrayal within the group, suggesting that the establishment of communion is both a symbol of grace and a call to awareness for the disciples.
Social and Cultural Context
Understanding the social and cultural framework of this event enriches our comprehension of its meaning.
- Matthew Henry: He comments on the Jewish traditions surrounding the Passover, which provides rich symbolism in Jesus’ actions and words during the meal.
- Albert Barnes: He emphasizes the communal aspect of dining in the ancient Near East, where sharing a meal connotes a deep interpersonal bond.
- Adam Clarke: Clarke underlines the significance of the setting — they reclined at the table, adhering to customs of intimacy and trust, reflective of Jesus’ relationship with the disciples.
Application for Today
For pastors, educators, and theologians, this verse offers rich material for preaching and teaching.
- Unity in Community: The act of coming together speaks volumes about the church's call for unity amidst diverse backgrounds and challenges.
- Preparation for Sacrifice: The parallel between this moment and the forthcoming cross serves as a poignant reminder of the cost of discipleship.
- Celebration of the Eucharist: The ongoing significance of the Lord’s Supper, as an ordinance of remembrance and worship, is foundational to Christian practice.
Conclusion
Luke 22:14 serves as a critical juncture in the Gospel narrative, revealing the heart of Jesus’ mission and the depth of his relationships. By integrating insights from respected commentaries, we gain a more profound understanding of this moment's theological, social, and cultural significance. Such reflections offer timeless truths applicable to believers today, challenging us to live in community and remembrance of Christ's sacrifice.
