Commentary on Luke 4:21

Verse: "And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears."

Introduction

The passage of Luke 4:21 is a profound moment in the ministry of Jesus, marking the beginning of His public proclaiming of the Gospel. It encapsulates His mission and identity, drawing upon the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy. The significance of this verse resonates deeply in theological discourse, illuminating various aspects of Christ's purpose and the response of those who heard Him.

Contextual Overview

This verse occurs in the context of Jesus' return to Nazareth, where He reads from the scroll of Isaiah during a synagogue service. The citation from Isaiah (Isaiah 61:1-2) specifically focuses on the anointed mission of the Messiah - to preach good tidings to the poor, heal the brokenhearted, and proclaim liberty to captives. The ensuing declaration of fulfillment lays the foundation for understanding Jesus' ministry in relation to Scriptural prophecy.

Exegetical Insights

• Historical Context:

  Jesus' assertion of fulfillment comes at a significant cultural moment, as the Jewish people were awaiting their Messiah. This proclamation from the hometown of Nazareth implies a powerful claim to fulfill their hopes and expectations.

• Spiritual Significance:

  The language used by Jesus mirrors the prophetic voice, establishing a direct link between His ministry and divine commission. The declaration "This day" indicates the immediacy of His mission, suggesting that realization of prophecy begins with Him.

• Audience Reaction:

  The response from His listeners in Nazareth ranged from amazement to skepticism. While many were initially impressed by His gracious words, the subsequent dialogue reveals their struggle with His identity as Joseph’s son.

Theological Reflections

The fulfillment of scripture through Jesus carries significant theological implications, particularly regarding Christology and soteriology. The announcement of the Gospel as a direct result of Isaiah's prophecy underscores the continuity of God's plan through history. The implications of Jesus' role emphasize not only His identity as the Messiah but also the scope of His atoning work.

Insights from Commentators

• Matthew Henry:

  Henry notes the importance of Jesus declaring scripture fulfilled, as it establishes His authority and the divine inspiration of the prophetic word. He highlights that believers should find comfort in the realization that God’s promises through the prophets are being realized in Christ.

• Albert Barnes:

  Barnes emphasizes the significance of the term "This day," suggesting it denotes a new epoch in divine revelation. He asserts that the fulfillment of this prophecy meant not a mere historical event, but a transformative moment that initiated Jesus' mission to humanity.

• Adam Clarke:

  Clarke elaborates on the significance of "fulfilled," indicating that all the hopes of Israel find their ultimate resolution in Christ. He points out how Jesus' mission extends beyond national Israel, inviting all to partake in the redemption He brings.

Practical Applications

The declaration in Luke 4:21 serves not merely as a historical assertion but also enriches contemporary Christian thought and practice. For pastors, students, and theologians, this verse presents critical inquiry into how the fulfillment of scripture influences their theological framework and ministry practice.

• Preaching and Teaching:

  The understanding of Jesus as the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy should compel clergy to teach with authority and clarity, continually tying back to the whole of Scripture in their messages.

• Personal Reflection:

  Believers are invited to consider their own responses to Christ's proclamation. Just as those in Nazareth wrestled with their skepticism, modern disciples must confront their doubts about Jesus’ identity and mission.

• Mission and Outreach:

  The themes of liberation and healing inherit in Jesus' words ought to inspire churches toward social justice, compassion, and outreach efforts, reflecting the heart of the message He proclaimed.

Conclusion

Luke 4:21 is a crucial passage that serves as both a statement of Jesus’ identity and a proclamation of hope. By asserting that the scriptures are fulfilled in Him, Jesus invites His listeners, then and now, into a transformative relationship with the divine. As we study this verse and its implications, we are reminded to embrace the fulfillment of God’s promises and engage in the mission to which He has called us.