Commentary on Ruth 1:20

The verse in focus, Ruth 1:20, captures a moment of deep emotional and spiritual significance in the narrative of Naomi’s return to Bethlehem. Naomi, having endured the loss of her husband and sons, expresses her bitterness and sorrow upon her return. This commentary draws insights from the works of esteemed public domain theologians, including Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, to unpack the layers of this poignant moment.

Context of Ruth 1:20

To fully understand Naomi’s declaration in Ruth 1:20, it’s crucial to consider the surrounding context. Naomi had left Bethlehem during a famine, seeking sustenance in Moab. The death of her husband and sons left her in a state of profound grief, prompting her return to Bethlehem as a widow without heirs. This background lays the groundwork for her feelings expressed in the verse.

Verse Examination

The verse reads: “And she said unto them, Call me not Naomi, call me Mara: for the Almighty hath dealt very bitterly with me.”

• Naomi’s Identity Shift: The name “Naomi” means “pleasant,” while “Mara” means “bitter.” Henry notes that Naomi's request to change her name reflects her deep sense of loss and despair. It highlights a significant transformation in her life due to suffering.
• The Nature of Bitterness: Albert Barnes elaborates on bitterness as a natural response to severe loss. Bitterness is often intertwined with an overwhelming sadness, representing the emotional state after a traumatic experience.
• The Sovereignty of God: Clarke emphasizes the acknowledgment of divine sovereignty in Naomi’s statement. By attributing her suffering to the Almighty, she recognizes a higher purpose and control despite her personal anguish.

Insights on Suffering and Identity

Naomi’s journey is emblematic of the human condition, particularly in relation to suffering and identity. Many theologians observe that suffering can alter a person’s perception of self and their relationship with God.

• Theological Implications: Theologically, this moment serves as a reminder of the tension between divine providence and human suffering. Barnes suggests that it challenges believers to reconcile their faith during times of distress.
• Reflection on Personal Identity: The change from Naomi to Mara indicates a profound internal shift. Henry argues that names in biblical times carried immense significance, symbolizing the inner state of the individual.

Lessons for Today’s Believers

Naomi’s declaration serves not only as a historical account but also as a source of practical wisdom for modern believers.

• Emotional Honesty: Naomi's honesty in expressing her bitterness teaches the importance of acknowledging raw emotions. Clarke highlights that believers should not shy away from their feelings, as they are crucial for healing.
• God’s Faithfulness in Trials: Beneath the sadness, there remains an underlying truth of God’s provision. As the narrative continues, one can perceive the beginning of God’s redemptive plan through Ruth—a fact that Barnes underscores as essential in understanding the overarching story of grace.
• Community and Support: Naomi returns to her community, emphasizing the importance of fellowship in the face of adversity. Henry remarks on the value of being surrounded by others who can offer support during times of grief.

Conclusion

Ruth 1:20 encapsulates a moment of anguish yet also sets the stage for profound redemption. Through the lenses of Hebrew Scriptures and the insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, this verse invites reflection on the complexities of suffering, identity, and faith. As pastors, students, theologians, and scholars delve into this text, may they find both comfort in their struggles and hope in the unfolding narrative of God’s steadfast love and providence.