Contextual Introduction

The passage of John 20:20 occurs after the resurrection of Jesus. This moment is pivotal, as it marks the first appearance of the risen Christ to His disciples. It captures the emotional state of the disciples, who were filled with fear and doubt before Jesus' appearance. Understanding this will help in appreciating the depth of the passage and its implications for faith and witnessing. As noted by Matthew Henry, this is not just an event of joy but one of revelation that reinforces the foundational truth of the Christian faith.

Exegesis of the Text

• Visible Proof of Resurrection: The verse illustrates the physical manifestation of Jesus, showcasing His hands and side. According to Albert Barnes, this display was essential for the disciples to grasp the reality of the resurrection. Jesus’ physical wounds confirmed that He was indeed the crucified Messiah, fulfilling the prophecies and assuring the disciples of His identity.
• Emotional Response: The reaction of the disciples—"Then were the disciples glad"—is a profound response to the revelation of Christ. Adam Clarke emphasizes the transformation from fear to joy, underscoring the psychological impact of witnessing the risen Lord. This joy is not merely happiness but an overwhelming assurance stemming from a deep conviction of the truth of Christ’s resurrection.
• Jesus’ Authority and Commission: The significance of Christ showing His wounds can also be viewed in the light of His authority to send His disciples. As Matthew Henry notes, it symbolizes Christ’s victory over death and His ongoing mission. This event serves to commission and empower the disciples, which is critical following their previous abandonment of Him during the crucifixion.

Theological Implications

• The Nature of Christ: This passage helps to fortify the doctrine of the dual nature of Christ—fully God and fully man. The physical nature of His resurrection body is confirmed, which is a vital doctrine regarding the believer’s hope in future resurrection. As Adam Clarke reflects, this is a central tenet of Christian encouragement and hope.
• Faith and Doubt: The disciples’ initial doubt and subsequent recognition serve as a mirror for the modern believer. Many believers today grapple with doubts. The assurance offered by Jesus in revealing His wounds can serve as a reminder of God’s patience and understanding toward our struggles with faith.
• Joy in Belief: The gladness that follows the disciples witnessing Jesus points toward a deeper theme—the joy of salvation. As Albert Barnes points out, this joy is a direct response to understanding and accepting the reality of the resurrection, which is foundational for believers today.

Pastoral Applications

• Encouragement in Times of Doubt: Pastors can use this passage to reassure congregants that doubt is a common part of the Christian journey. Just as Jesus patiently provided evidence of His resurrection, Christians today can seek and find assurance in their faith, being encouraged to ask questions without fear of judgment.
• Celebrating the Resurrection: The account serves as a model for how resurrection Sunday should be celebrated. It highlights joy and wonder, calling to mind the necessity of gathering together to rejoice in the truth of the resurrection.
• Commissioning the Disciples: This moment is also an excellent sermon point on the Great Commission. Jesus, after revealing Himself, sends His followers out as witnesses—a responsibility that every Christian inherits. This empowers believers today to share the gospel with confidence based on the historical fact and theological significance of Christ’s resurrection.

Conclusion

The reflective nature of John 20:20 offers rich insights into the resurrection narrative and its profound implications for faith and ministry. It is a reminder of the joy that comes from encountering the risen Christ. Pastors, students, and theologians can glean from this commentary not only reassurance in their calling but also a deeper understanding of the joy found in Christ's victory over death. The transformative power of this resurrection encounter continues to resonate through the ages, empowering believers to live out their faith authentically and joyfully.