Contextual Introduction

This verse occurs in the context of Jesus' post-resurrection appearance to His disciples. He comes to offer peace and to commission them for the work of the Gospel. The significance of this moment cannot be overstated, as it reveals Jesus' intentions for His followers in the immediate aftermath of His crucifixion and resurrection.

Insights from Public Domain Commentaries

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry emphasizes the themes of peace and commission in this passage. He notes that the repeated greeting of peace signifies not only a cessation of conflict but also a restoration of fellowship.

• Peace from Christ: This peace is profound, as it stems from reconciliation with God through Jesus’ work.
• Commissioning Role: Just as the Father sent the Son, Jesus now sends His disciples, highlighting a transfer of authority and mission.

Henry further comments on the implications of this sending. He notes that disciples are called to bear witness to Christ's resurrection and continue His mission in the world.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Albert Barnes elaborates on the theological implications of this verse. He points out that Jesus' statement links the mission of the disciples with His own. The phrase "As the Father has sent me" is crucial to understanding the gravity and continuity of the mission. Barnes articulates several key points:

• Reflective Mission: The nature of the disciples' mission reflects Christ's mission—rooted in divine authority, love, and a commitment to truth.
• Empowerment: Jesus does not just send them out with a command; He empowers them to take on this critical role, thus entrusting them with the task of spreading the gospel.
• Role of Peace: The peace that Jesus offers is essential for their mission; they are to go forth not only as proclaimers but also as agents of peace.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Adam Clarke provides a detailed exegesis of this verse, noting the grammatical structure and the implications of the original language. He emphasizes the following:

• Repeat Assurance: Clarke stresses the importance of Jesus reassuring His disciples amidst their fear and uncertainty.
• Temporal Sending: Clarke elucidates that the phrase "even so I am sending you" refers to an ongoing commission that persists through the ages, highlighting that the Church's mission extends beyond the first disciples.
• Indwelling Spirit: He also points to the significance of the Holy Spirit, who would empower them for this mission, a theme he connects to later verses in the chapter.

Theological Reflection

The implications of John 20:21 for contemporary Christian practice and theology are profound. Pastors and scholars must consider the following aspects:

• Peace and Mission: The inseparability of peace and mission in the believer's life. To partake in the mission of Christ is to carry His peace into a troubled world.
• Identity in Christ: Understanding that every believer is both a recipient of peace from Christ and a sent one, fulfilling a divine purpose.
• Continuity of the Commission: The idea that the Great Commission, as outlined in Matthew 28, and the sending in John 20 are part of one unified sending mission—rooted in the authority given by Christ.

Practical Application

For pastors, teachers, and Christians alike, the call to spread the gospel requires several practical considerations:

• Embrace the Call: Recognize and accept the personal call to be a witness for Christ in your own context—whether in your community, workplace, or family.
• Cultivate Peace: Actively foster an environment of peace, reflecting the peace of Christ in relationships and community engagements.
• Empower Others: Train and equip others to join in the mission, understanding that multiplication is key to fulfilling the Great Commission.

Conclusion

John 20:21 serves as a pivotal moment in the narrative of the New Testament, encapsulating the mission of the Church in light of the resurrection. The insights gathered from various commentaries emphasize the deep theological, practical, and communal significance of this sending. Pastors and theologians are encouraged to meditate on the intricacies of their calling as they seek to fulfill the mission laid out by Christ, living as embodiments of His peace and proclamation of His truth.