Commentary on Luke 2:39

Scripture Reference: Luke 2:39 (KJV)

"And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth."

Introduction

This verse marks a significant transition in the early life of Jesus, encapsulating both obedience to the Jewish law and the humble beginnings of the Messiah in Nazareth. Various public domain commentaries shed light on the implications of this passage, illustrating the thematic currents of obedience, fulfillment of prophecy, and the establishment of Jesus' identity. The insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke provide a rich tapestry of interpretation worthy of exploration by pastors, students, and theologians alike.

Contextual Background

Historical and Cultural Context: The events surrounding this verse occur shortly after the birth of Jesus, highlighting Mary and Joseph's adherence to Jewish customs. According to the Law of Moses, certain rites and sacrifices were required following childbirth (Leviticus 12), and their compliance emphasizes their righteousness and devotion.

• Jewish Law Observance: Their actions reflect a deep commitment to the traditions and laws that governed their society.
• Return to Nazareth: Their journey back to Nazareth indicates a return to their roots, affirming the humble origins of Jesus.

Commentary Insights

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Henry notes the importance of obedience in this passage. His perspective emphasizes that their actions were not merely fulfilling duty but showing a profound commitment to God's law. He suggests that it is through such obedience that they set an example for all believers. The return to Nazareth is seen as part of God's providential plan, as Jesus would grow up in a context that would shape His early life.

Key Reflections:

• Obedience as a Model: The example of Joseph and Mary highlights the significance of obeying divine command, a vital lesson for all disciples of Christ.
• Fulfillment of God's Plan: Their return foreshadows the role of Nazareth in Jesus' life, emphasizing the humble beginnings of the one who was to fulfill the Messianic prophecies.

Albert Barnes' Commentary

Barnes provides a detailed examination of the Law's requirements and emphasizes the significance of Mary and Joseph performing all things according to the law. He explains that their observance of the law not only demonstrated piety but also served to legitimize Jesus' earthly credentials as a Jew. The act of returning to Galilee also holds symbolic importance, illustrating a return to normalcy after the extraordinary events surrounding Jesus' birth.

Key Reflections:

• The Legitimacy of Jesus: By fulfilling the requirements of the law, Mary and Joseph affirmed Jesus' identity and legitimacy within the Jewish tradition.
• Symbolism of Nazareth: The return to Nazareth symbolizes a stepping back to ordinary life, positioning Jesus within the everyday experiences of humanity.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Clarke offers additional insights into the significance of Nazareth as the place where Jesus would grow and develop. He highlights that Nazareth was not a city of prominence, reflecting God's choice of the lowly and the humble. His interpretation emphasizes that this choice by God serves as a reminder of the humility associated with the incarnation of Christ.

Key Reflections:

• God's Choice of the Lowly: Clarke draws attention to God's sovereign choice, opting for insignificance in worldly terms, which aligns with the overall theme of the upside-down kingdom of God.
• Divine Providence: The return to Nazareth underlines the quiet yet profound aspect of divine providence in the unfolding of salvation history.

Theological Implications

The collective insights from these commentaries provide a rich theological perspective on the nature of Jesus' early life and the importance of family and community in God's redemptive plan. The obedience of Mary and Joseph showcases the foundational principle of faithfulness in fulfilling God's commands, a reminder to the church of the importance of adhering to biblical truth.

• God's Covenant Faithfulness: The actions of Mary and Joseph reflect the faithfulness of God toward His covenant people, affirming the continuation of divine promise through their obedience.
• The Nature of Christ: The establishment of Jesus in a humble setting speaks to the dual nature of Christ—fully divine yet fully human, sharing in our experiences while being uniquely positioned to fulfill God's redemptive purpose.

Conclusion

Luke 2:39 invites believers to reflect on obedience, humility, and divine purpose. The insights provided by Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke reveal a multifaceted understanding of this verse that is essential for pastors, students, and theologians. In a world that often celebrates prominence and power, the humble return to Nazareth challenges contemporary notions of success and significance, calling believers to find their identity and value in Christ.