Matthew 21:39 Commentary Summary
Verse Context: Matthew 21:39 states, “And they caught him, and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him.” This verse is situated within the Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen, where Jesus is elucidating the rejection of God's messengers and ultimately His Son by the religious leaders of Israel.
Exegetical Insights
This parable serves as a profound indictment against the Jewish leaders of Jesus’ time. It is essential to grasp the imagery of the vineyard, which is often associated with Israel in the Old Testament (see Isaiah 5:1-7). Matthew Henry emphasizes that the vineyard represents the Church or Kingdom of God, entrusted to those who are to cultivate it faithfully.
Historical Background
Understanding the historical context is crucial. Adam Clarke notes that the vineyard signifies Israel, and the husbandmen refer to the religious leaders. Throughout history, Israel had been blessed with prophets and servants sending them messages from God, yet they continued to reject and mistreat these messengers. The killing of the son symbolizes the forthcoming rejection and crucifixion of Jesus Christ himself.
Theological Implications
Albert Barnes expands on the theological implications, asserting that this verse signifies the climax of Israel's disobedience. By casting out the son (Jesus), they are rejecting their divine authority and plan. This act exhibits the ultimate form of rebellion against God, leading to their dire consequences.
Symbolism
The actions of the husbandmen represent a stark warning to all who have been entrusted with the message of the Gospel. The vineyard was designed to yield fruit, paralleling the expectation of a harvest in our lives as believers. Henry points out that the consequence of their action—killing the heir—exemplifies how humanity often seeks to rid itself of divine authority to pursue its ways instead.
Responses to God's Call
This parable elicits a response from its audience. Pastors and theologians must question: how do we respond to God’s call in our lives today? The rejection of the Son shows the danger of not acknowledging the one God has sent to us. Clarke highlights that the success of the kingdom ultimately transcends the rejection of its leaders, as God’s purpose cannot be thwarted.
Lessons for the Believer
- Faithfulness: We must remain faithful stewards of the Gospel. The husbandmen were unfaithful and suffered grave consequences.
- Awareness of Rejection: It's vital to recognize that rejecting God's word leads to spiritual ruin. We learn from Israel’s history.
- Importance of Fruitfulness: The expectation of yielding fruit remains paramount. We are called to cultivate our relationship with Christ and produce good works that glorify Him.
Conclusion
The stark imagery of Matthew 21:39 is a call to introspection and action. The parable serves as a timeless reminder of the consequences of rejecting divine authority. As we reflect on this verse, let us embody faithfulness, bear fruit, and recognize the weight of our responses to God’s call. This passage should challenge pastors, students, and scholars alike to regard the nature of their relationship with the Lord and the response they give to His summons.
