Commentary on Romans 6:17

Verse Text: "But thanks be to God that, though you used to be slaves to sin, you have come to obey from your heart the pattern of teaching that has now claimed your allegiance." (Romans 6:17, NIV)

Introduction

The Apostle Paul’s epistle to the Romans is a profound reflection on the nature of sin, grace, and redemption. In Romans 6:17, Paul emphasizes the transformative power of the gospel, illustrating the transition from slavery to sin to obedience to Christ. This verse serves as a crucial pivot point in understanding the believer's new identity in Christ.

Exegesis of Romans 6:17

Paul begins this verse with a note of gratitude, "But thanks be to God." This expression of thankfulness indicates a deep recognition of divine grace. The phrase “though you used to be slaves to sin” acknowledges the prior state of believers before their encounter with God’s saving power. Paul employs the metaphor of slavery, common in his writings, to illustrate the total commitment and subjugation that sin held over individuals before their conversion.

Theological Implications

• Slavery to Sin: In biblical theology, being a "slave to sin" denotes an unchangeable and powerless state of being, where the individual is dominated by sinful desires and actions. Matthew Henry notes that this servitude is inevitable apart from divine intervention.
• Heartfelt Obedience: The shift from being enslaved by sin to "obeying from your heart" points to an inward transformation. Albert Barnes emphasizes that true obedience flows from an internal change, where the heart aligns with God's will—contrasting mere outward compliance with a heartfelt commitment.
• Pattern of Teaching: The "pattern of teaching" refers to the doctrine of Christ and the teachings of the apostles which mold Christian ethics and lifestyle. Adam Clarke elucidates that this pattern provides both a guide and a commitment to live by the principles of the faith, underscoring the necessity of sound doctrine in the life of believers.

Contrast Between the Former and New Life

This verse highlights a stark contrast. The former life is characterized by sin’s dominance, whereas the new life embodies obedience and transformation. Henry notes this transition reflects God’s sovereignty in granting faith and regeneration to individuals.

The Role of Grace

Throughout Romans, particularly in chapter 6, the underpinning theme is grace. The transition from sin to obedience is only possible through the grace of God. Paul’s gratitude is not merely perfunctory; it is rooted in an acknowledgment that salvation is entirely a work of divine grace.

Practical Applications

• Encouragement for Pastors: This verse serves as a powerful reminder for pastors to preach not only the necessity of confession and repentance but also the profound joy that comes from recognizing the grace of God at work in the lives of believers.
• For Students and Scholars: Engaging deeply with the text encourages a thorough understanding of key doctrines—such as the nature of sin and the transformative power of grace—which are critical for theological education.
• For Believers: Believers are reminded of their new identity in Christ and encouraged to live out their faith authentically, rooted in the teachings of Scripture, and empowered by the Holy Spirit.

Conclusion

In Romans 6:17, the Apostle Paul encapsulates the essence of the Christian experience: a movement from the bondage of sin to the liberating truth of obedience to God. The commentary from historical theologians like Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke invites deeper reflection on the implications of this verse for individuals and the church. This understanding calls for a joyous response of gratitude to God, who transforms hearts and establishes true freedom through Christ.