Commentary on Daniel 11:12
Verse Reference: Daniel 11:12 - "And when he hath taken away the multitude, his heart shall be lifted up; and he shall cast down many tens of thousands: but he shall not be strengthened by it."
Introduction
The book of Daniel provides profound insights into the nature of human kingdoms and the sovereignty of God over historical events. Chapter 11 specifically details the unfolding of prophetic events that pertain to the ancient Near East, particularly focusing on the conflicts between the Greek empire and its successors. In this verse, we observe a critical juncture in the rise and falling of power, characterized by human pride and presumption.
Exegesis of Daniel 11:12
This verse can be broken down into two primary observations:
- The Pride of Victory: "when he hath taken away the multitude, his heart shall be lifted up." This portion illustrates the exaltation that accompanies military success, typically leading to arrogance.
- The Ineffectiveness of Human Strength: "but he shall not be strengthened by it." This reveals a common biblical theme—that human triumphs are ultimately ephemeral, lacking true strength unless aligned with divine purposes.
Commentary Insights
Matthew Henry
Matthew Henry provides an extensive overview of the psychological implications of conquest. He notes that the successful leader’s pride can lead to a downfall. Henry states, "Victory may inflate the heart; but the more one has of this world, the less he has of God." He emphasizes that while the leader may gain a multitude of followers through victory, it is folly to rely on these accolades for true strength and guidance.
Albert Barnes
Albert Barnes elucidates how history reveals the insatiable nature of human ambition. In his interpretation, Barnes emphasizes that the ruler’s elevated heart condition contrasts sharply with his underlying vulnerability. He asserts, "Such pride and arrogance precede a fall, for one’s trust in military success does not equate to divine favor." This reflects a universal truth applicable to all who pursue earthly power without acknowledgment of divine authority.
Adam Clarke
Adam Clarke focuses on the specifics of the historical context and its implications for understanding the text. He argues that the passage encapsulates the experience of kings throughout history who exhibit a pattern of pride following triumph. Clarke remarks, "The pride of conquest generally leads to a neglect of sound judgment." Furthermore, Clarke points to the idea that despite apparent strength, leaders often face significant internal weaknesses, suggesting that reliance on human might is a precarious endeavor.
Theological Reflections
This verse serves as a reminder of the psychological and spiritual dynamics at play when power is attained. The biblical narrative strongly warns against the hubris that can accompany success. Theological reflection on this passage brings forth several core themes:
- Pride vs. Humility: The heart that is 'lifted up' is contrasted with the biblical call to humility. Scripture consistently teaches that God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble (James 4:6).
- The Futility of Human Confidence: This passage affirms that military or political success does not necessarily equate to real strength or success in God’s eyes. The dependence on such success can lead to spiritual ruin.
- Divine Sovereignty: Despite human actions and ambitions, God's overarching plan prevails. Human rulers may strive for glory but ultimately, human kingdoms rise and fall according to God's will (Proverbs 21:1).
Conclusion
In conclusion, Daniel 11:12 serves as an important reminder for all people, especially leaders, regarding the dangers of pride and the transient nature of worldly power. Drawing from the insights of Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke, we understand that true strength is found not in military conquests or public acclaim but in humility before God. As believers, we are called to recognize the limitations of human power and to seek reliance on God's eternal strength and wisdom.
