Commentary on Luke 6:3

Bible Verse: “And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungred, and they which were with him?” (Luke 6:3, KJV)

Introduction

This verse is crucial for understanding the nature of Jesus's ministry and His relationship to the Law. The context in which this statement is made is essential for interpreting the broader implications of the narrative. Here, Jesus addresses the Pharisees regarding their strict interpretation of the Sabbath law, demonstrating how human need takes precedence over ritualistic adherence to the law.

Contextual Analysis

Luke 6:1-5 records an episode where the Pharisees confront Jesus and His disciples for plucking grain on the Sabbath. This act challenges their understanding of the Sabbath law, specifically as it pertains to work and need. In response, Jesus cites the example of David to highlight a key principle: the spirit of the law is more important than the letter.

Insights from Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry underscores the importance of mercy over sacrifice. He notes that the incident illustrates that while the Law is crucial, it was designed to benefit humanity, not to enslave it. Henry writes:

“Christ here vindicates his disciples' innocent action by a precedent from the Old Testament; showing that the mercy of God outweighs the service of the law.”

Insights from Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes emphasizes the historical perspective of this event. He explains that David's act of eating the shewbread was not merely a violation of the law but a necessity for the preservation of life. Barnes reflects:

“The narrative of David illustrates the fact that human necessity is a higher law than ritual observance.”

Insights from Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke provides a linguistic analysis of the concept of hunger and need. He mentions that Jesus’s reference to David serves to highlight that laws surrounding the Sabbath were not meant to elevate ceremonial observance above the needs of the human soul.

“The acts of David were permitted as they were necessary; hence Jesus supports His disciples by this reference.”

Theological Implications

The statement of Jesus is not merely a defense of the actions of His disciples but a profound theological truth that speaks to the essence of God's law, human need, and divine mercy:

• Law and Mercy: The law serves to guide humanity towards righteousness, yet it must never eclipse the mercy of God.
• Human Need versus Legalism: Jesus elevates human need above ritualistic observance, illustrating that the heart of God's expectations is love and compassion.
• The Spirit of the Law: True adherence to God's law is not found in mechanical observance but in understanding and embodying its principles.

Practical Applications

For pastors, theologians, and students of the Bible, Luke 6:3 serves as a reminder to evaluate not just the observance of religious practices but also to consider the heart and purpose behind them. Practical applications include:

• Prioritize Compassion: In ministry, prioritize human necessity and compassion over rigid legalism.
• Educate on the Nature of God’s Law: Teach congregations that the laws of God are instructional, aimed at leading us to love, rather than shackling us in rules.
• Model Mercy: As representatives of Christ, embody His attitude of mercy and understanding, especially in challenging situations.

Conclusion

In Luke 6:3, Jesus provides a compelling response to the Pharisees that challenges their legalistic viewpoint. By referencing the act of David, He elevates the principles of mercy, human need, and the deeper meanings of the law. For all believers, this passage serves as a profound exhortation to embody the love and mercy of Christ in all areas of life and ministry. Consider this not merely a historical anecdote but an ongoing challenge to express God's heart in every interaction with the law and with one another.