Commentary on Revelation 21:16

Text of Revelation 21:16: "And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The length and the breadth and the height of it are equal."

Introduction

The Book of Revelation explores profound themes encompassing cosmic hope, divine judgment, and ultimate restoration. Within Revelation 21, the culmination of God's promise to humanity is revealed through the imagery of the New Jerusalem, which symbolizes the dwelling place of God with His people. In this verse, we observe crucial details about the city's dimensions that inform our understanding of its significance.

Dimension and Design: A Divine Blueprint

The description of the New Jerusalem as a 'foursquare' city, measuring twelve thousand furlongs on each side indicates a structure of perfect symmetry and completeness. Prominent commentators such as Matthew Henry highlight that the city’s geometry emphasizes its divine origin. God's design is neither arbitrary nor haphazard; rather, it possesses perfect proportions, symbolizing the order and perfection of divine creation.

Albert Barnes notes that the number twelve frequently appears in Scripture as a symbol of completeness and divine governance. Here, the measurement of twelve thousand furlongs corresponds with the twelve tribes of Israel, pointing toward God's covenant faithfulness and His commitment to uphold His promises to humanity.

The Significance of the Numbers

• Universal Dimensions: The dimensions suggest a universal scope, emphasizing that the new creation is accessible to all of God's people, transcending geographical and cultural barriers.
• Eternal Proportions: Adam Clarke remarks on the city's dimensions, interpreting it as not just a physical measurement but a metaphor for God's eternal kingdom and the infinite blessings contained therein. Such measurements serve to reflect the unbounded nature of God's promises to His people.
• Symbolism of Foursquare: The 'foursquare' shape connotes stability, security, and a strong foundation, inviting reflections on the eternal and unshakeable nature of God’s kingdom as opposed to the fleeting nature of earthly kingdoms.

Theology of the New Jerusalem

Understanding the dimensions of the New Jerusalem leads to essential theological reflections about God's character and His intentions for humanity. Matthew Henry emphasizes that this passage serves as an encouragement to believers about the hope of eternal life, where everything is in its rightful place, free from sin and suffering. The immense expanse of the city illustrates the richness of God's grace and the fullness of life that awaits those who believe.

Furthermore, the equal length, breadth, and height signify completeness and equality. There are no barriers, no divisions, no ranks; all who enter the city experience oneness with God and each other. Adam Clarke interprets this equality as reflective of the fellowship that believers will enjoy in heaven, devoid of societal divisions and hierarchies, further exemplifying the unity found in Christ.

Imagery and Implications for the Church

The portrayal of the New Jerusalem in Revelation serves as an enduring reminder to the church today. Albert Barnes asserts that the vision inspires hope in believers, encouraging them to remain steadfast in their faith amidst trials and tribulations. The majestic imagery of the city reassures us that God has prepared a place for His people, one filled with life, peace, and divine presence.

Furthermore, this passage urges the church to embody the principles of the New Jerusalem, living in a manner that reflects its values of harmony, wholeness, and equality. Matthew Henry challenges the church to strive for unity, promoting the love and grace of Christ in their communities, showcasing a foretaste of heavenly realities in the present world.

Conclusion

The dimensions of the New Jerusalem presented in Revelation 21:16 reveal profound truths about God's character and His promise for His people. In this passage, we see not just a measurement, but a beautiful, divinely crafted metaphor for hope, unity, and eternal life. The convergence of the theological insights from public domain commentators such as Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke enriches our understanding of this passage, equipping pastors, students, and theologians with a greater appreciation for the nuances of biblical prophecy and eschatology.