Commentary on 1 Samuel 20:11

Verse Context: 1 Samuel 20:11 states: "And Jonathan said to David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field." This moment marks a significant turning point in the relationship between Jonathan, the son of King Saul, and David, the future king of Israel. It encapsulates themes of friendship, loyalty, and the challenges posed by competing allegiances in the context of divine purpose.

Insights from Public Domain Commentaries

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Matthew Henry emphasizes the profound bond between Jonathan and David. He notes that this invitation to the field signifies a time of privacy where they could converse away from the eyes of Saul and others. Henry points out

• Friendship: This represents a deep, covenantal friendship, illustrating how true friends encourage each other in times of adversity.
• Secrecy and Strategy: The field symbolizes a safe space for planning and strategizing in their fight against the tyranny of Saul.
• Divine Providence: Henry also reflects on how God's providence unfolds through Jonathan’s loyalty to David, indicating a divine intention behind their relationship.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Albert Barnes' commentary delves into the implications of Jonathan's dialogue with David. He suggests that this encounter is pivotal, where Jonathan acknowledges David’s future kingship and supports him. Barnes highlights:

• The Role of Jonathan: Jonathan serves as a type of Christ in his self-sacrifice and support for David, demonstrating what true loyalty looks like.
• Significance of the Field: The choice of the field as the meeting place signifies not just secrecy but also the pastoral imagery of peace amidst conflict. Fields are often symbols of productivity and growth.
• God’s Plan: His notes point out that Jonathan’s willingness to assist David aligns with the broader narrative of God's chosen leaders, underscoring that David was anointed to be king despite all odds.

Adam Clarke’s Commentary

In his commentary, Adam Clarke explores the relational dynamics between Jonathan and David. He notes the gravity of the situation they are amidst and the nuances of their friendship as exhibited in this verse:

• Contrast between Loyalty and Duty: Clarke reflects on Jonathan’s loyalty standing in stark contrast with his duty to his father, King Saul, further deepening the tension in their friendship.
• Symbolism of Going into the Field: Clarke interprets the act of going into the field not only as a physical act but also a spiritual withdrawal from the conflict and intrigue that surrounds them, indicating a moment of clarity.
• Preparatory Phase: He suggests this meeting was critical in preparing both men for the trials and tribulations that lay ahead – a strategic planning session for their future, emphasizing mutual support.

Theological Reflections

This verse has broad theological implications. The friendship between Jonathan and David exemplifies love that transcends familial obligations and societal pressures. They symbolize the kind of bond that Christians are called to emulate – one that is sacrificial, supportive, and rooted in a shared purpose ordained by God.

The invitation to the field can be seen as an archetype of worshipful retreat, where believers can find clarity and reaffirm their commitments to God and each other in the face of adversity. The shared space fosters not just conversation but also a sacred trust that defines spiritual fellowship.

Application for Today

For pastors, students, and theologians, this passage encourages the following reflections:

• Cultivating True Friendship: How can we nurture relationships that reflect the depth of Jonathan and David’s friendship within our own communities?
• Recognizing Divine Providence: In what ways are we called to acknowledge and support those whom God has placed in our lives to lead us spiritually?
• Creating Safe Spaces for Dialogue: The need for open and safe conversations in our churches today is critical. How can we create fields in our own lives for honest dialogue away from distractions and fears?

Conclusion

1 Samuel 20:11 is a profound reminder of loyalty and friendship amid turmoil. Commentaries from Henry, Barnes, and Clarke provide deep insights into the relational dynamics at play, emphasizing themes of covenant, divine purpose, and the ethical challenges of allegiance. As readers reflect on this passage, they are encouraged to seek out and embody the heart of this friendship in their own lives, ensuring that their relationships and church communities thrive in mutual support and spiritual nurturing.