Commentary on 1 Samuel 20:38

Verse: "And Jonathan cried after the lad, 'Make speed, haste, stay not.' And Jonathan’s lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master."

Introduction

This poignant verse captures a moment of deep emotional significance within the broader narrative of 1 Samuel. It reveals the profound bond between Jonathan and David, emphasizes the themes of loyalty and friendship, and highlights the tension wrought by the politics of King Saul's court.

The Context of 1 Samuel 20

In order to appreciate the depth of 1 Samuel 20:38, it is essential to understand the preceding context. David has become a rival to Saul's throne, garnering immense favor from the people. Jonathan, Saul's son, has formed a covenant friendship with David, which creates an inevitable tension with his father.

Key Themes

• Loyalty - Jonathan’s unwavering loyalty to David stands in stark contrast to the treachery and jealousy exhibited by his father, King Saul.
• Friendship - The depth of Jonathan and David's friendship is a central theme in this narrative, showcasing the ideal of selfless love and respect.
• Divine Providence - As tensions rise, the unfolding events display God’s overarching sovereignty in guiding the fates of His chosen servants.

Analysis of the Verse

1 Samuel 20:38 serves as a turning point in the narrative. Jonathan's call to the lad to "make speed, haste, stay not" signifies urgency and a poignant farewell to David, whom he knows he may not see again due to Saul's wrath.

Examination of Key Phrases

• "Make speed, haste, stay not" - This phrase reflects the urgency of the situation. Jonathan's desperate calls are not only practical but laden with the emotional weight of impending separation from his beloved friend.
• "Jonathan’s lad gathered up the arrows" - The lad's actions symbolize the transition of power and the gathering of remnants of a bond that might soon be shattered. His role is critical, showcasing how innocently he is caught in the midst of a profound political and personal conflict.
• "Came to his master" - The designation of Jonathan as "master" indicates the social hierarchy present in this narrative, yet it does not diminish the deep emotional bond between Jonathan and David. The use of "master" reveals Jonathan's intentional humility and honor towards David, even while he is a prince.

Commentators' Insights

When examining the interpretations by noted commentators, several points emerge that provide a deeper understanding of the text.

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry remarks on the gravity of the relationship between Jonathan and David, emphasizing the "endearments" that accompany their covenant. He highlights the sorrowful nature of parting, noting that true friendships may face trials but are often tested and can emerge refined. Henry interprets Jonathan's actions as not only indicative of loyalty but a foreshadowing of greater challenges ahead for David.

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes focuses on the significance of the communication method between Jonathan and David through the lad. He asserts that this way of conveying messages in secret indicates a desperate attempt to protect David from Saul's wrath. His commentary suggests that Jonathan’s role reflects a wise and strategic maneuver, honoring his covenant while being mindful of the dangers surrounding them.

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke offers psychological insight into Jonathan's state of mind. He speaks to the emotional turmoil of Jonathan as he calls after the lad. Clarke notes that the urgency in Jonathan's pleas reflects not merely the pressing circumstances but also his internal conflict between familial loyalty and friendship with David. He suggests that this moment reveals Jonathan's keen understanding of the impending danger to David, highlighting the noble character that Jonathan embodies.

Implications for Leadership and Ministry

The themes illustrated in this verse have profound applications for those in leadership and ministry today. Here are some key reflections:

• Friendship in Leadership - Leaders are called to cultivate deep and meaningful relationships. The friendship between Jonathan and David serves as a model for mutual respect and loyalty, transcending personal ambition.
• Understanding Divine Timing - The urgency expressed by Jonathan reflects the importance of being attuned to God's timing. Leaders must recognize when to act swiftly, as circumstances may change rapidly.
• Faithfulness Amidst Conflict - Jonathan's commitment to David stands as an example of remaining faithful amidst conflict. Leaders are often faced with dilemmas that require them to stand firm in their convictions regardless of external pressures.

Conclusion

1 Samuel 20:38 encapsulates a pivotal moment in the lives of Jonathan and David, emphasizing loyalty and the deep bonds of friendship amidst adversity. This verse resonates deeply with those who study the complexities of human relationships, providential guidance, and biblical leadership. As we reflect on this passage, may we be inspired to cultivate the same spirit of loyalty and commitment in our own lives and ministries, recognizing that the bonds we form are often tested in the crucible of adverse circumstances.