Commentary on 1 Samuel 20:35

Bible Verse: "And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him." (1 Samuel 20:35, KJV)

Introduction

This verse is situated within a significant narrative in 1 Samuel, depicting the bond between Jonathan and David amidst the growing animosity of Saul. It not only highlights Jonathan's loyalty but also serves as a foreshadowing of the trials David will face. In examining this passage, we draw on insights from Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke to unpack its theological implications.

The Context of the Passage

Understanding the Historical Setting: The relationship between David and Jonathan is a pivotal element in the narrative of 1 Samuel. Jonathan's role as Saul's son complicates his friendship with David, especially as Saul intends to kill David. This planned meeting, to communicate Saul's intentions, is shrouded in secrecy and signifies Jonathan's commitment to his friend.

Matthew Henry's Insights

• Loyalty Amidst Adversity: Henry emphasizes Jonathan's unwavering loyalty despite the potential dangers posed by his father, King Saul. His act of going into the field with David's messenger illustrates the risks Jonathan was willing to take. He describes Jonathan as a man of honor, whose actions reflect deep friendship and courage.
• The Symbolism of the Field: The field serves as a symbolic place of safety and counsel. It was a secluded spot where Jonathan could communicate with David without the prying eyes of the court. This geographical context speaks to the notion of refuge that believers often seek in their relationships with God and each other.

Albert Barnes' Commentary

• Jonathan’s Preparedness: Barnes notes the importance of timing in this verse. Jonathan's attentiveness to the schedule set with David reflects not just logistical precision but also the seriousness of their covenant. It highlights how prepared they were to face the challenges ahead.
• The Role of the Lad: The inclusion of a lad in this narrative is significant. Barnes suggests that he represents innocence and the next generation, who can learn from the loyalty exemplified by Jonathan. The lad’s presence also provides a layer of secrecy, ensuring that their conversation remains hidden from Saul’s prying eyes.

Adam Clarke’s Perspective

• Emotional Depth: Clarke delves into the emotional weight of the situation. He notes that Jonathan must have felt great sorrow at the prospect of parting with David, who had become like a brother to him. This adds a layer of depth to the narrative, illustrating the personal sacrifices involved in their friendship.
• Spiritual Implications: Clarke emphasizes the moral and spiritual lessons that can be gleaned from this verse. He encourages readers to reflect on their commitments to one another, particularly in the context of faith and loyalty. Jonathan’s actions can inspire believers to support one another amid trials.

Theological Reflections

This narrative prompts deep theological reflection. The bonds of friendship and loyalty displayed here demonstrate a model of Christ-like love, sacrificial and unconditional. It challenges the modern believer to consider their relationships and the commitments they make in the face of opposition.

Conclusion

In 1 Samuel 20:35, we witness a poignant moment filled with layers of loyalty, courage, and foreshadowing. Jonathan emerges as a character of integrity, whose actions serve as a reflection of God’s covenantal love and faithfulness. As we explore this passage further, we are called to evaluate our own interactions, friendships, and the degree of commitment we embody as followers of Christ.