Commentary on 1 Samuel 20:36
Verse: "And he said to his lad, 'Run, find now the arrows which I shoot.' And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him."
Contextual Overview
This verse is situated in a pivotal moment within the narrative of 1 Samuel, where David and Jonathan, the son of King Saul, are attempting to communicate amidst the danger posed by Saul’s growing animosity towards David. Jonathan's plan is to ascertain his father's intentions, and, crucially, to relay this information to David without attracting Saul's suspicion.
Insights from Commentaries
Matthew Henry's Commentary
Matthew Henry emphasizes the deep bond of friendship between David and Jonathan. The act of shooting arrows serves as a symbolic communication—a secret signal between the two. Henry notes that this method reflects their understanding of the importance of discretion during a turbulent time.
Henry also suggests that the lad (the messenger) unknowingly plays a role in the unfolding of a larger divine narrative. The phrase "find now the arrows" highlights Jonathan’s strategic mindset; he is deliberate and careful in his actions. The lesson drawn here portrays how friendships often require sacrifices and the necessity of seeking wisdom in perilous circumstances.
Albert Barnes' Notes
Albert Barnes draws attention to the actions of Jonathan and the significance of the arrows in this passage. He denotes that the arrows symbolize Jonathan's heart and allegiance—he is conveying a message to David regarding Saul's intent. Barnes remarks that Jonathan’s action of shooting an arrow beyond the lad portrays safety for David, indicating that he must distance himself from danger.
Furthermore, Barnes elucidates the intricate relationship between Jonathan and David. By taking such precautions, they exhibit a profound level of loyalty and commitment to one another, likening their friendship to a covenant that withstands the pressures of royal politics and familial conflict.
Adam Clarke's Commentary
Adam Clarke emphasizes the dramatic suspense of this moment. Clarke points out the practical implications of David’s situation. The arrow being shot beyond the young lad is an ingenious method of communication that stresses the urgency and gravity of their circumstances. Clarke interprets this event not merely as a physical act but as a prophetic gesture, underscoring the guidance that divine providence often offers in the most trying times.
Clarke's analysis of the lad's role highlights the idea of ignorance versus awareness in critical situations. The lad's innocence serves as a significant counterpoint to the treachery lurking in the court of King Saul. This distinction elevates the tension of this narrative moment, showing how friendships can be tested in moments of turmoil.
Theological Reflections
The act of signaling through arrows in 1 Samuel 20:36 invites a deeper theological reflection on the nature of communication within relationships—especially under the strain of societal and familial pressures. The covenant bond between Jonathan and David encapsulates themes of loyalty and sacrifice that resonate throughout scripture.
- God's Sovereignty: This passage underscores the sovereignty of God, as He orchestrates events for the preservation of David, who will become the leader of Israel.
- Friendship: The relationship between Jonathan and David serves as a model for godly friendships that endure trials, showcasing love that transcends personal gain.
- Communication and Secrecy: Their method of communication reflects the importance of wisdom and caution in conveying significant messages, particularly those concerning one's safety and destiny.
Practical Applications
For pastors, students, and theologians, this verse offers various facets for practical ministry and personal life:
- Cultivating Loyalty: Emulate the loyalty demonstrated in this narrative in personal and church relationships.
- Seeking Divine Guidance: Encourage finding divine answers in complex situations through prayer and spiritual signs, just as Jonathan sought to communicate truthfully yet discreetly.
- Navigating Challenges: Learn to navigate organizational or relational tensions with wisdom and foresight, akin to Jonathan's strategic approach.
Conclusion
In summary, 1 Samuel 20:36 poignantly illustrates the depths of friendship, divine providence in trials, and the tactical wisdom required in serious situations. As we reflect on Jonathan and David’s actions, we are reminded of the importance of trust and communication in our own relationships and our walk with God.
