Commentary on John 11:11

Verse Context: John 11:11 states, "These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep." This passage is situated within the broader narrative of the death and resurrection of Lazarus, which serves not only as a miracle but also as a profound teaching moment about the nature of life and death in Christ.

Overview and Significance

This verse is a pivotal moment in the Gospel of John, transitioning from earthly sorrow to the demonstration of divine power. Jesus refers to Lazarus as "Our friend," indicating both the personal relationship he had and the broader theme of friendship found in Scripture. The declaration that Lazarus "sleepeth" signifies that death is not the end but a temporary state from which one can be awakened.

Insights from Commentators

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry emphasizes the affectionate term used by Jesus to address Lazarus, highlighting that this term illustrates the relational aspect of Christ with His followers. Henry notes that the use of "sleep" as a metaphor for death conveys comfort and hope, suggesting that for believers, death is not finality but rather a transition. Furthermore, Henry asserts that Jesus' intent to "awake" Lazarus symbolizes His power over death, foreshadowing His own resurrection.

Albert Barnes

Barnes comments on the phrase "Our friend Lazarus" and points out that it reflects Jesus' human emotions, demonstrating His connection to His friends. He expands on the concept of sleep, arguing that this term is often used in Scripture to portray death as a peaceful rest, especially for believers. According to Barnes, this indicates that death, while significant, should not induce fear or despair among followers, as it is ultimately under God's sovereign control.

Adam Clarke

Clarke interprets Jesus’ statement as indicative of the ultimate reality of life after death. He emphasizes that Lazarus's condition is not hopeless; rather, it represents a temporary state akin to sleep. Clarke elaborates on the cultural understanding of death during biblical times, noting that the analogy of sleep would resonate with the audience, providing them assurance and calling them to recognize Jesus as the source of life. He also reflects on the teaching aspect of this incident, suggesting that it conveys Jesus’ desire to reveal deeper truths about resurrection and eternal life.

Theological Implications

• Christ’s Authority Over Death: The verse highlights Jesus' sovereignty over death and His ability to grant life, establishing the foundation for the resurrection hope that is central to Christian faith.
• Metaphor of Sleep: The use of sleep as a metaphor offers a profound theological insight that echoes throughout scripture. It presents death not as an end but a sleep, from which one can be awakened, reassuring believers about the afterlife.
• Divine Friendship: Jesus labeling Lazarus as "Our friend" is significant in portraying the depth of relational intimacy that God desires with humanity. It signifies that God is not distant, but engaged with our lives personally.
• Empathy of Christ: This passage illustrates the compassionate aspect of Jesus; He acknowledges human grief while offering a divine solution. This duality serves as a model for pastoral care today.

Practical Applications

For pastors and theologians, John 11:11 serves as a reminder of the importance of addressing both the spiritual and emotional needs of congregants dealing with death and loss. The comforting imagery of sleep encourages a pastoral approach that is sensitive and understanding. Moreover, acknowledging Jesus’ friendship can inspire believers to deepen their relationship with Christ, encouraging them to view Him as a source of comfort in their trials.

Conclusion

John 11:11 opens a window into the heart of Jesus and His mission. By portraying death as sleep, Jesus redefines the community’s understanding of loss and hope. The insights gleaned from public domain commentaries reflect a rich theological tapestry that informs pastoral practice and encourages believers to embrace the transformative power of Christ in every aspect of life, especially in the face of death.