Exodus 39:16 Commentary

Verse: Exodus 39:16 - "And they made two cherubims of gold; beaten work made they them, and set them on the two ends of the mercy seat;"

Introduction

This passage falls within the larger context of the construction of the Tabernacle and its sacred furnishings as commanded by God to Moses. The mention of the cherubim highlights the significance of divine presence and spiritual truths embedded within the worship practices of ancient Israel.

Contextual Analysis

In examining the verses leading up to Exodus 39:16, it is crucial to note the meticulous attention given to the construction of the Tabernacle and its components. Public domain commentaries provide an expansive insight into the devotion and obedience shown by the artisans involved in this task:

• Matthew Henry: Elaborates on the theme of divine instruction, emphasizing that every detail of the Tabernacle's construction reflects God's order and holiness.
• Albert Barnes: Highlights the cultural and artistic significance of the cherubim, pointing out that they are not merely decorative but serve a crucial function in the worship of Yahweh.
• Adam Clarke: Discusses the symbolism of the cherubim, suggesting that they represent God's presence and the connection between heaven and earth.

Importance of the Cherubim

The cherubim, as depicted in this verse, carry profound theological implications:

• Symbol of Divine Presence: The cherubim are often associated with the presence of God. They guard the access to the Holy of Holies, a domain that symbolizes the very throne of God.
• Representation of Worship: Their positioning on the mercy seat signifies the importance of worship and the idea that worship draws God's attention and favor.
• Spiritual Connectors: Cherubim are messengers and guardians, illustrating the connection between God and humanity, reinforcing the idea that God desires relationship and communion with His people.

Artistic Detail and Symbolism

Each element of the Tabernacle was crafted with precision, reflecting the grandeur of the divine:

• Beaten Work: The craftsmanship of the cherubim being "beaten work" denotes the labor-intensive process that emphasizes the value of beauty in worship. Clarke notes that this method implies a depth in the creation that inspires awe and reverence.
• Significance of Gold: Gold is often perceived in scripture as a material symbol for divine purity and value. Barnes emphasizes that the use of gold for the cherubim aligns with their sacred function.
• Positioning on the Mercy Seat: Their placement on the mercy seat is illustrative of the idea that divine mercy presides over judgment and that divine justice is shielded by mercy.

Application for Current Believers

This verse is not only historical but holds contemporary relevance for pastors, students, and theologians:

• Understanding God’s Holiness: The cherubim remind believers of God's transcendent holiness. As modern-day worshippers approach God, the sacredness of His presence and the need for proper reverence remain paramount.
• Worship as a Priority: The detailed crafting of the Tabernacle reinforces the idea that our worship practices should reflect effort, intentionality, and creativity. Just as God’s dwelling was prepared, so too should our hearts and worship be ready to welcome Him.
• God's Desire to Dwell Among Us: The very act of God emphasizing the cherubim shows His desire for a relationship with humanity. Believers today can take comfort in the promise of His presence through the Holy Spirit.

Conclusion

Exodus 39:16 provides a profound insight into the nature of God as seen through the cherubim's craftsmanship and symbolism within the context of the mercy seat. The theological implications remind us of the majesty of God, the sanctity of worship, and the desire for divine presence in the life of the believer. The reflections from classic commentaries by Matthew Henry, Albert Barnes, and Adam Clarke illuminate these truths, offering understanding that transcends time and continues to impact our faith journey.